References: Lecithin
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004 Feb 4 [Epub ahead of print]
The influence on cognition of the interactions between lecithin, carnitine and carbohydrate.
Benton D, Donohoe RT.
Department of Psychology, University of Wales-Swansea, SA2 8PP, Swansea, Wales, UK.
It is accepted that acetylcholine-mediated neurones modulate memory. As lecithin, carnitine and glucose all influence acetylcholine metabolism, the possibility of synergistic interactions was considered. Four hundred young adult females randomly, and under a double-blind procedure, received capsules for 3 days that contained a placebo, lecithin (1.6 g/day), carnitine (500 mg/day) or carnitine plus lecithin. A battery of cognitive tests was administered prior to taking the capsules, after 3 days of taking the supplements, and for a third time after consuming either a glucose drink or a placebo. Reaction times were more rapid when carnitine and a glucose drink were taken together. Memory was enhanced in those taking a glucose rather than placebo drink. Neither mood nor the ability to sustain attention were influenced by these procedures. The hypothesis that memory would be facilitated by offering supplements of lecithin, carnitine and glucose was not supported.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14760514&dopt=Abstract lecithin [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
J Invest Surg. 2004 Jan-Feb;17(1):15-22.
Polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine protects against wound contraction in experimental skin burn injury.
Kanmaz T, Karakayali H, Sakallioglu AE, Ozdemir BH, Haberal M.
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Harran University, S. Urfa, Turkey.
Polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine (PP) is a soybean lecithin, whose oral supplementation prevents fibrosis and strictures in animal models. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of PP on wound contraction using a model of skin burn injury. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control (C), just burn (JB), and burn treated with PP (BPP). Burns were induced on the dorsum of the rats by a metal plate with a 4-cm(2) contact surface. Ten percent emulsion of PP was given orally for 21 days in BPP group. The effects of PP on burns were evaluated histologically on day 21, and wound contraction was measured by planimetry weekly. Microscopic evaluation included the amount and density of myofibroblasts and collgen type III, the existence of mature collagen fibers in the regenerated dermis, and thickness measurements of the regenerated tissue. There was a significant decrease in mean wound size index in group JB when compared to BPP on days 14 and 21 (p <.05 and p <.01, respectively). After 3 weeks, the granulation tissue was more cell dense, containing high numbers of myofibroblasts in group JB when compared to BPP (p <.05). The wounds had more mature collagen bundles, but less collagen type III in group BPP when compared to JB. Thus, polyunsaturated phospatidylcholine protected against wound contraction and modulated wound healing in the rat model of skin burn injury.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14761824&dopt=Abstract lecithin [PubMed - in process]
Atherosclerosis. 1993 Dec;104(1-2):195-212.
Familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency: further resolution of lipoprotein particle heterogeneity in the low density interval.
Guerin M, Dolphin PJ, Chapman MJ.
Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (I.N.S.E.R.M), Unite 321, Hopital de la Pitie, Paris, France.
Patients presenting with a familial deficiency of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) typically exhibit multiple quantitative and qualitative perturbations of apo B- and apo A-I-containing plasma lipoproteins. Marked particle heterogeneity has been detected over the low-density range (d = 1.019-1.063 g/ml), involving lipoprotein(X) (LP-X) and large molecular weight LDL (LM-LDL). We describe the chromatographic fractionation and characterization of the major particle species distributed within the low-density interval in a new French LCAT-deficient family. Detailed analyses of the plasma lipoprotein and apolipoprotein spectrum are reported. The plasma lipoproteins were enriched in unesterified cholesterol and phospholipids with markedly reduced concentrations of cholesteryl esters. By a combination of gel filtration and affinity chromatography on heparin-sepharose, the heterogeneous mixture of low-density particles was resolved into three distinct particle populations: LP-X (diameter 400 A) corresponding to LM-LDL, an apo A-I and albumin-containing particle similar to LP-X2 (diameter 300 A), and cholesteryl ester-deficient (0.9%) triglyceride-rich (58.4%) LDL containing apo B-100 (diameter 260-270 A). Use of affinity chromatography allowed separation of HDL-like particles (diameter 140-160 A) which were rich in free cholesterol (21.4%) and phospholipids (52.9%) and which were isolated in association with LP-X upon gel filtration chromatography. Ultracentrifugal density gradient analysis of plasma from the LCAT-deficient subject over a period of 3 years showed a net shift of the lipoprotein distribution in the low density range due to an increase in pla
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