References: Lecithin
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2003 Sep;56(2):189-96.
Solid lipid nanoparticle and microemulsion for topical delivery of triptolide.
Mei Z, Chen H, Weng T, Yang Y, Yang X.
Pharmaceutical Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China.
Triptolide (TP) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, anti-fertility and anti-neoplastic activities. However, its clinical use is restricted to some content due to its poor water solubility and some toxic effects. In order to find innovative ways for administering TP and alleviating its disadvantages, the controlled release delivery systems such as solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) and microemulsion have been developed. In the present paper we describe the preparation and some characterization of specialized delivery systems for TP. The transdermal delivery capacity and anti-inflammatory activity were also evaluated. The results indicated that these SLN dispersions and microemulsions could serve as efficient promoters for the TP penetrating into skin. Furthermore, different formulations were optimized in this study. The best formulation of SLN dispersion consisted of 5% tristearin glyceride, 1.20% soybean lecithin and 3.60% polyethylene glycol (400) monosterate, while the best formulation of microemulsion consisted of 40% isopropyl myristate, 50% Tween-80: 1,2-propylene glycol (5:1, v/v) and water. The steady-state flux (Js) and permeability coefficient (Kp) of triptolide for the SLN dispersion of the first 6 h were 3.1+/-0.4 microg/cm2 per h and 0.0124+/-0.001 cm/h or 6.4+/-0.7 microg/cm2 per h and 0.0256+/-0.002 cm/h for the microemulsion, which was 3.45 and 7.02 times higher than those of triptolide solution, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity of SLN dispersion was stronger than that of microemulsion in carrageenan induced rat paw edema. However, the results were the reverse in complete Frenud's adjuvant induced paw edema. Further investigations should be carried out on the toxicity of different formulations of tri
J Biochem Biophys Methods. 1989 Jul;19(1):93-103.
Separation of free and apolipoprotein D-associated human plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase.
Holmquist L.
King Gustaf V Research Institute, Karolinska Insitute, Stockholm, Sweden.
A high performance gel filtration method for the rapid and reproducible separation of free and apolipoprotein D-associated lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) originating from human plasma has been developed. Starting from step 3 of a previously invented covalent chromatography procedure, free LCAT was obtained as a well separated fraction in a yield of 55% of that injected into the column. The free LCAT had a specific activity of over 34,000 units/mg and did not contain apolipoprotein D or any other contaminant in the injected sample. Further 28% of LCAT with fully retained activity was recovered in a second fraction, demonstrating a 66,000 u LCAT associated with all apolipoprotein D occurring as a mean 33,000 u and a minor 66,000 u species and with at least two unidentified proteins with apparent molecular masses of 76,000 u and 43,000 u, respectively. Both free and apolipoprotein D-associated LCAT accepted the free cholesterol of heat-inactivated plasma selectively depleted of VLDL and LDL (alpha-LCAT activity) and of HDL (beta-LCAT activity) as substrate.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2809071&dopt=Abstract lecithin
Vopr Med Khim. 1989 Jul-Aug;35(4):24-8.
[Changes in the rate of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase reaction and lipid indicators of serum under the effect of cathergene in acute experimental liver damage]
[Article in Russian]
Gaskina TK, Kurilovich SA, Gorchakov VN.
Fractional and molar rates of lecithin:cholesterol aminotransferase (LCAT)-catalyzed reaction were decreased, while free cholesterol fraction was increased in blood serum of rats within 24 hrs after single administration of CCl4 I mg/kg. Cathergene, contributing to a decrease in hepatocyte necrosis, affected positively the blood lipid spectrum in CCl4 treated rats. The cathergene protective effect, observed also after acute ethanol poisoning (6 g/kg), involved an increase by about 30% of the fractional and molar rates of LCAT-reactions; it also normalized the cholesterol esterification coefficient in blood serum. The drug did not prevent the postalcohol dystrophy of hepatocytes, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2815674&dopt=Abstract lecithin
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