laxative



References: Laxative







Prog Pediatr Surg. 1977;10:111-20.
Imperforate Anus: a five to thirty year follow-up perspective.

Kiesewetter WB, Chang JH.

A twenty-five year experience with 284 patients with imperforate anus has been reviewed, with a 5 to 30 year assessment after surgical intervention. The following conclusions seem to be suggested by the study: 1. There was a 20% mortality overall, with the greatest number of these occurring in the Type III high lesions. Eighty per cent of the deaths were unrelated to imperforate anus and resulted from associated anomalies. 2. Eighty-eight per cent of the overall series achieved socially acceptable continence. Four out of five poor results occurred in the Type III high lesions. 3. Functional results achieved in imperforate anus surgery seem more closely related to the anatomy presented to the surgeon than by his choice of operative procedure. 4. Continence is more slowly achieved in an imperforate anus patient than in a normal child. It is an evolutionary process which seems to improve with age, being especially influenced by the social motivation that comes with puberty. 5. An appreciable number of patients with poor musculature for continence remain clean by promptly heeding the defection signals, by avoiding laxative foods, and by enforced constipation. 6. Secondary surgery when the levator sling muscles have been missed or partially bypassed seems to improve continence in a high percentage of patients.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=866667&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Z Gerontol. 1989 Nov-Dec;22(6):321-3.
Diarrhea and fecal impaction in elderly long-stay patients.

Kinnunen O, Jauhonen P, Salokannel J, Kivela SL.

University of Oulu, Department of Public Health Science.

A retrospective screening of one year's duration was carried out on 245 permanently hospitalized geriatric patients to study the frequency and cases of periods of at least three days' diarrhea. Such periods were suffered by 65/245 patients and 32% had recurrencies. Fecal impaction was the most common cause of diarrhea (in 55%). Diarrhea was induced by laxatives in 20%. Gastrointestinal infections caused 5% of the diarrhea cases. Immobility and fecal incontinence were strongly associated with fecal impaction in cases of diarrhea. Urinary tract infections treated with antibiotics in the patients with fecal impaction and diarrhea almost were twice as frequent as in patients with other causes of diarrhea or patients with no diarrhea. This retrospective investigation emphasizes the importance of the recognition and proper treatment of constipation, especially in bedridden or chairbound elderly persons with fecal incontinence and diarrhea.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2623935&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Biol Neonate. 1977;31(5-6):289-93.
Fetal exposure to 1:8 dihydroxyanthraquinone.

Blair AW, Burdon M, Powell J, Gerrard M, Smith R.

A survey of 160 consecutive maternity cases showed that a high percentage of mothers had exposed their fetus to laxatives of the anthraquinone type at some stage during the pregnancy. Administration of 1:8 dihydroxyanthraquinone at the time of induction of labour with estimation of the substance in maternal urine, amniotic fluid and the first urine obtained from the baby, indicated that the substance is absorbed from the maternal gut, crosses the placenta and is excreted via the fetal kidney into the liquor. In mothers and babies most of the drug appeared as glucuronide. Fetal catharsis did not appear to occur and the reasons for this are discussed.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=911960&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



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