laxative



References: Laxative






Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1976 Mar 5;101(10):353-60.
[Clinical significance of the 14C-glycocholate breath test in the diagnosis of gastro-enterological diseases (author's transl)]

[Article in German]

Caspary WF, Reimold WV.

The 14C-glycocholate breath test was performed in 15 normal subjects and 134 patients clinically suspected of bacterial overgrowth in the proximal small intestine, with functional impairment of the ileum and chologenic diarrohea as well as other forms of diarrhoea. In addition, faecal weight, faecal fat excretion and faecal bile-acid excretion were measured. Early and highest 14CO2 expiration peaks were found as an expression of increased deconjugation of bile acids in patients with fistulae between proximal small intestine and colon, and in 13 of 24 patients with Billroth II gastric resection or duodenopancreatectomy. Bile-acid deconjugation was not increased in sprue, chronic pancreatitis with steatorrhoea, ulcerative colitis, irritable colon, Whipple's disease, Salmonella enteritis, non-specific enteritis, or laxative abuse. In six of twelve patients with Crohn's disease of the ileum there was an increase in deconjugation of bile acids.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1248374&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Gastroenterology. 1976 Mar;70(3):371-6.
Effects of ricinoleic and oleic acids on the digestive contractile activity of the canine small and large bowel.

Stewart JJ, Bass P.

Oleic and ricinoleic acids or their trans isomers, elaidic and ricinelaidic acids, were administered intraduodenally and evaluated for their effects on the digestive motor activity of the canine small and large bowel. Four dogs of mixed breed were implanted with duodenal cannulas and extraluminal strain gage transducers along the circular axis of the proximal and mid-jejunum, terminal ileum, and proximal colon. After feeding 200 g of canned dog food to induce continuous contractile activil of isotonic saline was given into the duodenum as a single bolus infusion and recordings were made for a 1-hr period. A 30-ml volume of saline served as control. Administration of each cis fatty acid produced an initial stimulation in jejunal areas of about a 2-min duration followed by a post-stimulatory inhibition. Both the initial stimulation and post-stimulatory inhibition were greater for ricinoleic acid than for oleic acid. Minimal or no effects were produced in ileal or colonic areas. In contrast, the trans isomers produced little or no effect on either the small or large bowel. Alterations in the digestive contractile patterns produced by oral administration of 10 ml of oleic, ricinoleic acid or their respective triglycerides were also tested. Triolein had no effects. Ricinoleic acid and castor oil poduced a brief initial stimulation followed by polonged inhibition of small bowel motor activity. Both cathartics had a mild laxative effect. Digestive motor patterns returned to control approximately 45 min after oleic acid. There was no indication at any time of an initiation of continuous contractile activity after ricinoleic acid or castor oil which could justify the use of the terms irritant of stimulant to describe their actions.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1248698&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Klin Wochenschr. 1976 Mar 1;54(5):239-41.
[Laxative abuse, plasma potassium levels and chronic interstitial nephritis due to phenacetin abuse (author's transl)]

[Article in German]

Bock KD, Nitzsche T.

In 154 patients with phenacetin nephropathy and in 26 patients with phenacetin abuse but without nephropathy a laxative abuse was observed in 3.2% and 15.4%, hypokalemia (3.5 maequ/l or less) in 9.1% and 3.9, respectively. The mean plasma potassium concentration was normal in both groups (4.45 and 4.22 maequ/l, respectively). These data do not support the recently proposed hypothesis that the simultaneous abuse of laxatives contributes to the development of analgesic nephropathy, and that the absence of laxative intake might explain the lack of renal damage in some phenacetin abusers. Although it cannot be excluded that long-standing potassium deficiency in consequence of an abuse of laxatives or diuretics exerts an additional nephrotoxic effect in some cases, this mechanism seems not to be involved in the majority of patients with phenacetin nephropathy.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1256009&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



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