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References: Laxative

Gastroenterology. 1977 May;72(5 Pt 1):849-56.
Effect of bisacodyl on the structure and function of rodent and human intestine.

Saunders DR, Sillery J, Rachmilewitz D, Rubin CE, Tytgat GN.

The effect of bisacodyl on intestinal structure and function was investigated. Net water transport was measured under steady state conditions in vivo during single pass infusions of rodent and of human intestinal segments. Each segment served as its own control. Bisacodyl inhibited water absorption in rat jejunum, ileum, and colon. The degree of inhibition was linearly related to the logarithm of the bisacodyl concentration over the range of 0.05 to 2.0 mg per 100 ml. In human jejunal segments, bisacodyl, 1 mg per 100 ml, caused net water secretion. Bisacodyl, 5 mg every 6 hr, increased ileostomy output by 15% when it was fed to 5 patients with established ileostomies. By light microscopy, bisacodyl, 2 mg per 100 ml, erased cytoplasmic and nuclear detail within surface absorptive cells of rat intestine. By electron microscopy, the involved cells contained sparse and abnormal cytoplasmic organelles and nuclei which were deficient in chromatin. These results suggest that the laxative effect of bisacodyl is related to its ability to inhibit intestinal water absorption. Reduced absorption may be secondary to changes in surface absorptive cells.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=849815&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative

Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1977 Mar 29;297(2):185-90.
Transfer of sodium and water through isolated rat colonic mucosa under the influence of deoxycholate and oxyphenisatin.

Wanitschke R, Nell G, Rummel W, Specht W.

1. The influence of oxyphenisatin (OP), a diphenolic laxative, and deoxycholate (DC) on the transfer of sodium and water in an everted sac preparation of stripped rat colon was investigated. 2. OP (10(-5) M, mucosal side) and DC (3 X 10(-4) M, mucosal side) completely blocked net water and sodium absorption. Net movements from the serosal to the mucosal side could not be induced by higher concentrations of the drugs. 3. Unidirectional sodium movements in both directions were increased by OP and DC. 4. The effect of DC on the sodium flux from the serosal to the mucosal side was reversible. 5. The potassium content of the mucosal epithelium was not changed by DC and OP. 6. The integrity of the epithelium, as judged by light microscopy, was not disturbed by either drug under the experimental conditions. 7. It is concluded that DC and OP do not interfere with active transport mechanisms but increase the permeability of the epithelium to sodium.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=854091&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative

Rontgenblatter. 1989 May;42(5):224-7.
[Inter-individual testing of water-soluble oral contrast media with reference to their diagnostic value, side effects and taste]

[Article in German]

Stabler A, Fink U, Siuda S, Neville S.

Radiologische Klinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen Grosshadern.

Three groups of patients (n = 55, 53 and 54) were examined with the x-ray contrast media Gastrografin, Peritrast-Oral GI, and Telebrix Gastro and Telebrix Gastroo assess the diagnostic ranking, side effects and taste of water-soluble oral contrast media. No significant differences were seen in respect of diagnostic ranking and side effects. Side effects were exclusively abdominal symptoms; there was no difference with regard to laxative action. Telebrix Gastroas accepted significantly better in respect of taste than Gastrografin and Peritrast-Oral GI.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2502828&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative

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