laxative



References: Laxative






Med Klin. 1978 Apr 7;73(14):519-23.
[Colonic melanosis]

[Article in German]

Gobel D.

Among 1072 rectoscopies we found 100 patients (9,3%) with melanosis coli. All patients suffered from a long-standing constipation together with laxative abuse. Anthrachinonic laxatives which are jointly responsible for the cause of melanosis coli are contained in 70% of all laxatives but also in many cholagogues and weight-reducing preparations. Severe inflammation of the colonic mucosa was seldom found. Colitis simplex, often found histologically and cytologically, could be due to increased turn-over of the mucosa cells. The endoscopic finding of melanosis coli is not regarded as an independent clinical picture but as an expression of chronic constipation unsuccessfully treated with laxatives.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=634213&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1989;7(12):1453-7.
Chemical and biological analyses of Nigerian Cassia species for laxative activity.

Elujoba AA, Ajulo OO, Iweibo GO.

Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

The leaves of 10 Cassia species (Leguminosae), cultivated in Nigeria, were assayed spectrophotometrically for combined anthraquinone content and also pharmacologically for their laxative properties in male albino rats using official senna leaves (Cassia acutifolia Del.) as the reference standard. Leaves of C. podocarpa Guill, and Perr. and of senna had identical laxative potency. The results of both the chemical and the biological experiments suggested that C. alata L. and C. podocarpa are the most likely candidates for drug development in Nigeria. The use of a laxative index is proposed for the comparative study of Cassia (or any plant species) and its possible application to the quality control of these drugs is discussed.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2490529&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Acta Hepatogastroenterol (Stuttg). 1978 Jun;25(3):213-8.
Ultrastructural changes of colonic mucosa in patients with chronic laxative misuse.

Riemann JF, Schenk J, Ehler R, Schmidt H, Koch H.

Laxatives are amongst the most widely used and misused drugs. Especially the "irritant chathartics" are associated with severe cell poisoning. Electrolyte disturbances like potassium deficiency may occur as a result of enhanced potassium secretion into the colon. Ultrastructural studies of patients with chronic laxative misuse demonstrate, that this functional disorder is correlated with damage of the colonic epithelial cells consisting in stereotyped lesions as changes in microvilli, reduction and structural defects of cytoplasmic organelles and an increase of lysosomes and dense bodies. The lesions have a focal distribution and may explain the potassium loss from a morphological point of view.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=665122&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



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