laxative



References: Laxative






Gastroenterology. 1980 Aug;79(2):283-8.
Functional bowel disorders in apparently healthy people.

Thompson WG, Heaton KW.

Symptoms of functional gastrointestinal disorder were sought by a questionnaire administered to 301 apparently healthy subjects in young, middle-aged, and elderly categories. Abdominal pain, a feeling of incomplete evaculation after defecation, urgency, scybala, runny stools, straining at stool, borborygmi, distension, heartburn, and laxative use were all very common. The typical symptom pattern of the spastic irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) occurred in 13.6% of subjects. Seven percent suffered noncolonic pain that was commonly associated with heartburn. A further 3.7% had painless diarrhea without the features of the spastic IBS. Six percent suffered painless constipation. Constipation seemed to increase with age. Thus four clinically distinct functional bowel syndromes existed in almost one-third of the subjects studied. Most of these had not consulted a doctor. Hospital-based studies of the IBS derive from a selected minority of patients and may not be applicable to all sufferers.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7399231&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Endoscopy. 1981 Jan;13(1):14-8.
Colonoscopy in infancy and childhood with special regard to patient preparation and examination technique.

Plucnar BJ.

Only long colonoscopes, Olympus CF-LB2 or TCF-2L, were used for the 76 pediatric colonoscopies. A combination of a thin-liquid diet and laxatives was employed for 1-2 days before all the examinations. Physiological saline enemas on the eve and the morning of the day of examination were employed as supplementary colon-cleansing measures only in larger children. A mixture consisting of chlorpromazine, promethazine and pethidine chloride supplemented with atropine sulfate was used for premedication. Diazepam and ketamine chloride given i.v., or inhalation of halothane +N2O+O2 were employed for general anesthesia. Diazepam and phentanyl citrate given intravenously were used for the sedation of older children. The "classical" and Gaisford's modification of the procedure were found to be the most suitable examination techniques in infants and children. The coecum was reached in 75% of all examinations, and we had no complications with pediatric colonoscopy.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7460863&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



J Am Geriatr Soc. 1978 Dec;26(12):544-9.
Review of laxative utilization in a skilled nursing facility.

Lamy PP, Krug BH.

Laxatives are the most frequently prescribed drugs in long-term care facilities. Of all nursing home patients, 58 percent receive laxatives--often more than one, and usually on a "prn" basis. This pattern of dosage is probably used in an effort to prevent constipation. Selection of a laxative should be based on careful evaluation of the cause of constipation, with due consideration being given to differences in drug effectiveness and the incidence of side effects. A review of laxative utilization among 73 elderly patients in a large metropolitan skilled nursing facility showed a rational use of these drugs. However, more attention should have been paid to the dietary management of constipation.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=101574&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



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