laxative



References: Laxative






Allergy. 1985 Oct;40(7):535-9.
Experimental assessment of the allergenicity of a psyllium-containing laxative.

Gauss WF, Alarie JP, Karol MH.

The allergenicity of psyllium was investigated using the Guinea Pig Maximation Test. Four of 12 animals gave positive skin reactions. Subsequent inhalation challenge of the same animals yielded respiratory hypersensitivity reactions in four of the animals. Two animals gave both skin and respiratory responses. The mosaic of respiratory and dermatologic symptoms demonstrated by animals resembled the pattern of findings reported in clinical studies. Results of SDS-acrylamide gel electrophoresis, immunoblot and protein determinations of aqueous psyllium extracts failed to indicate the presence of protein. Spectrophotometric studies suggested that the extract was a gum with a molecular weight greater than 14,000 daltons.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4073411&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Eur J Pharmacol. 1985 Nov 5;117(2):215-22.
The influence of bisacodyl and deacetylbisacodyl on mucus secretion, mucus synthesis and electrolyte movements in the rat colon in vivo.

Farack UM, Gruber E, Loeschke K.

The effect of the diphenolic laxatives bisacodyl and deacetylbisacodyl on mucus secretion and fluid, sodium and potassium net transport was studied in rat colon perfused in vivo. Mucus output in the effluent was determined as total protein-bound hexose. Deacetylbisacodyl was more potent than the parent compound and was used to investigate dose-response relationships. At a low concentration (0.1 mg/dl), mucus and potassium secretion were stimulated whereas sodium and fluid absorption were inhibited, or converted to secretion, only at higher concentrations (0.5-3.0 mg/dl). All effects were dose-dependent and reversible within 1 h. With longer lasting perfusion of deacetylbisacodyl, mucus appeared in two peaks, one initial peak and another after 4 h. The late peak contained newly synthetized glycoproteins as indicated by the incorporation of intravenously injected [14C]galactose. It is concluded that stimulation of mucus secretion and synthesis contributes to the laxative action of bisacodyl. The effects of low versus high concentrations suggests that part of the potassium secretion is due to mucus release.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4076344&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Pediatrics. 1990 Dec;86(6):896-901.
Behavioral risk, emotional risk, and child abuse among adolescents in a nonclinical setting.

Hibbard RA, Ingersoll GM, Orr DP.

Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.

In this replication study of adolescents in a nonclinical setting, the prevalence of reported problem behaviors, emotions, and abuse is evaluated, and the impact of abuse on multivariate emotional and behavioral risk is assessed. A total of 3998 students (69%) in a rural midwestern community in grades 7 to 12 participated in the study. Almost 20% of the students reported some form of physical and/or sexual abuse, with more girls than boys reporting sexual abuse (chi 2 = 48.5, P less than .001). Some problem behaviors (alcohol use) and emotions (trouble sleeping, difficulty with anger) were common among all adolescents and some were strongly associated with a history of abuse (especially, considering or attempting suicide, running away, laxative use, and vomiting to lose weight). Higher emotional and behavioral risk scores among abused students were confirmed. The effects of physical and sexual abuse on risk scores were independent and additive; no interaction was observed. An interaction of gender and sexual abuse on problem behavior was observed, with problem behavior being significantly greater among sexually abused boys. The results confirm increased risk of problem behaviors and negative feelings among abused adolescents when compared with nonabused peers, and better define influences of gender and abuse type on emotional and behavioral risks.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2251027&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



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