laxative



References: Laxative






Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1993 Apr 3;137(14):721-4.
[Constipation in childhood; evaluation of a diagnostic-therapeutic protocol]

[Article in Dutch]

Heymans HS, Benninga MA, de Groot I, Strubbe W, Buller HA.

Academisch Ziekenhuis Beatrix Kinderkliniek, afd. Kindergeneeskunde, Groningen.

In 87 children with constipation an assessment was made of the causes, and of the effect of treatment. Two subdivisions were made, one by age (< 3 years and > or = 3 years) and the second into 'own' or 'referred' patients. For the 59 own children a diagnostic-therapeutic protocol was used, the three-phase protocol. For children over 3 years (n = 29) this policy consists in the first phase of anamnesis, physical examination, diet and oral and/or rectal laxatives. In the second phase, toilet training is administered in combination with diet and oral laxatives. The third phase comprises continuation of the diet and tapering off of the laxatives. If no improvement is seen, supplementary examination is carried out. In the group of own patients younger than 3 years, supplementary examination is already carried out during the first phase. Functional constipation was diagnosed in 69% and 98%, respectively, of the 36 patients under 3 years and the 51 over 3 years. Hirschsprung's disease was diagnosed in 14% and 2%, respectively. In the children > or = 3 years with functional constipation the three-phase policy was successful in 86% with a mean duration of the treatment of 9.5 months. The efficiency of diagnostic examination of children over 3 years appears to be low, justifying the proposed three-phase policy. In children under 3 years, on the other hand, limited laboratory examination is necessary during the first phase. Examination for the presence of Hirschsprung's disease, by means of rectal biopsy or anorectal manometry is indicated if the treatment during the first phase is unsuccessful.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8474548&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Int J Eat Disord. 1993 Mar;13(2):171-85.
Anorexia nervosa "restricters" who purge: implications for subtyping anorexia nervosa.

Garner DM, Garner MV, Rosen LW.

Eating Disorder Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.

It has not been clear from earlier studies whether it is binge eating per se or the compensatory behaviors frequently associated with binge eating (i.e., self-induced vomiting and/or laxative abuse) that provide the most relevant marker for subclassifying anorexia nervosa. The current study addressed this question by comparing the clinical and psychological features of three groups of anorexia nervosa patients: "pure restricting" patients who do not binge (by definition) and who also do not purge (AN-R, N = 116); "restricting-purging" patients who engage in purging behavior (AN-RP, N = 74); and anorexia nervosa "bulimics" who binge eat as defined in earlier studies (AN-B, N = 190). While all three groups displayed similar levels of psychological disturbance on many variables, the overall pattern of findings indicates that the AN-RP group displays significantly more psychopathology than the AN-R group and their profile of disturbance is very similar to that observed with the AN-B group. Thus, anorexia nervosa patients who purge, regardless of whether or not they report objective binge episodes, may be meaningfully distinguished from nonpurging patients. These results, combined with the medical risks associated with purging behaviors and the formidable problems associated with the definition of binge eating, support a sub-typing system for anorexia nervosa based on the presence or absence of purging rather than binge eating.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8477286&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Int J Eat Disord. 1993 Apr;13(3):265-72.
Bulimia nervosa: a population-based study of purgers versus nonpurgers.

Walters EE, Neale MC, Eaves LJ, Heath AC, Kessler RC, Kendler KS.

Department of Psychiatry, MCV, Richmond 23298.

There has been recent interest in the possibility of dividing bulimia nervosa into two subtypes based on the method of weight prevention utilized by the individual. In an attempt to see if such a division is justified, this study compared 54 purging bulimics with 69 nonpurging bulimics ascertained from a population-based register of Virginia female twins. A bulimic was defined as a "purger" if she engaged in vomiting or laxative abuse. These two groups were examined on a variety of demographic, weight, and personality measures after controlling for the presence of obesity. No significant differences were found between the two groups on any of the variables examined.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8477298&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



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