laxative



References: Laxative






Pharmacology. 1993 Oct;47 Suppl 1:155-61.
In vivo motility of rat colon chronically pretreated with sennosides.

Fioramonti J, Dupuy C, Bueno L.

Department of Pharmacology, INRA, Toulouse, France.

Ceco-colonic myoelectrical activity was investigated in rats pretreated for 23 weeks by sennosides (10 or 40 mg/kg/day), Na-picosulfate (2.5 or 10 mg/kg/day) or laxative vehicle (control). On the last week of treatment the animals were equipped with Nichrome electrodes on the cecum, the proximal and distal colon. In comparison with controls, sennoside or Na-picosulfate treatment did not induce any significant (p > 0.05) change in the duration of long spike bursts (LSB) which are associated with phasic contractions. On the last 2 days of treatment the frequency of LSB for 2 h before and 2 h after laxative administration, as well as for 30 min after a 3-gram meal was not significantly (p > 0.05) different in control and treated animals. Similarly, on the first 2 days, as well as on days 13 and 14, after the end of treatment, no significant (p > 0.05) difference in the LSB frequency appeared between control and treated animals, in the fasted state or after a 3-gram meal. It is concluded that long-term treatment with sennosides or Na-picosulfate does not induce chronic changes in colonic motility in rats.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8234424&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Pharmacology. 1993 Oct;47 Suppl 1:162-71.
Chronic sennoside treatment does not cause habituation and secondary hyperaldosteronism in rats.

Leng-Peschlow E, Odenthal KP, Voderholzer W, Muller-Lissner S.

Department of Pharmacology, Madaus AG, Koln, FRG.

Rats were treated with sennosides (6 x 10, 6 x 40 or 2 x 30 mg/kg weekly) or with danthron (6 x 500 mg/kg weekly) for 6 months. The laxative effect as measured by faecal wet weight during the first 10 h after treatment increased 3- to 4-fold by the higher sennoside doses (daily or intermittently) and 1- to 3-fold by danthron. The low sennoside dose had no measurable effect except on the 1st day (2 fold) compared with the control group. Mean faecal water content increased from 53% (controls) to 66-79% in rats treated with high sennoside doses and to 57 (1st day) -69% in danthron-treated rats. Serum aldosterone levels and mucosal Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activities in the small intestine and colon did not change with treatment. There were no signs of habituation or secondary hyperaldosteronism due to sennosides or danthron in spite of chronic diarrhoea over 6 months.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8234425&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Lancet. 1986 Apr 5;1(8484):767-9.
Failure of rectal expulsion as a cause of constipation: why fibre and laxatives sometimes fail.

Turnbull GK, Lennard-Jones JE, Bartram CI.

High-fibre diet and laxatives are not always successful in the treatment of severe constipation. In a group of thirteen women with intractable constipation three experimental models of rectal evacuation showed that all had a disorder of defaecation. None could expel 120 ml barium paste as fast or as completely as could ten normal women; six could expel hardly any barium. Only three of the thirteen could expel a balloon containing 50 ml water from the rectum, whereas all of six normal subjects could do so easily. Four of the patients with repeated straining efforts could expel no more than 10% of a 500 ml saline enema, whereas six normal subjects rapidly passed 40-80%. It is postulated that dietary and drug treatment designed to soften and increase the bulk of the stools fails to help some patients because they find it difficult to expel even semi-solid or liquid stool. Electromyography showed that these patients tend to contract rather than relax the striated muscle of the pelvic floor on attempted defaecation. Their failure to defaecate is due to incoordination of the pelvic floor rather than an abnormality of the stool or a disorder of the colon.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2870270&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



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