laxative



References: Laxative







Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1987;33(1):1-6.
Over-the-counter sales of drugs in Sweden 1976-1983.

Wessling A.

Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.

The over-the-counter (OTC) sales of drugs were estimated by subtraction of sales on prescription and to hospitals from total drug sales in Sweden during the period 1976-1983. Increased sales of antitussives and decreased sales of expectorants characterized cough remedies. Making topical nasal decongestants available as OTC drugs immediately resulted in a large and increasing volume of OTC sales. Among analgesics, sales of acetaminophen and acetylsalisylic acid + caffeine combinations increased, while those of other groups decreased. Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract were second to analgesics in the numbers of packs sold; amongst them antacids and laxatives dominated. Laxative sales decreased due to decreased sales of stimulant preparations. Vitamin C and multivitamin preparations dominated OTC vitamin sales. The sales of topical corticosteroids, only available as OTC drugs during the last quarter of 1983, were substantial. The OTC drug sales statistics reflect patterns of self-medication and may be used to monitor this important part of health care.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3691589&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Scand J Gastroenterol. 1986 Jun;21(5):585-8.
The clinical value of faecal bile acid determination in patients with chronic diarrhoea of unknown origin.

Otte JJ, Andersen JR.

To evaluate the diagnostic value of faecal total bile acid determination in adult patients with chronic diarrhoea, output and concentration of 3 alpha-hydroxy-bile acids were determined in 28 patients. The patients had normal results of primary biochemical, radiologic, and endoscopic examinations. Stools were sampled for 3 days while on a standardized diet. The patients were observed until final diagnosis was obtained; Crohn's disease was diagnosed in 5 cases, osmotic diarrhoea in 4, bacterial overgrowth in 3, laxative abuse in 2, other specific causes in 3, and persisting lack of specific diagnosis in 11. No difference in output or concentration of faecal bile acids was found between the groups. Six patients with high bile acid outputs benefited from treatment with cholestyramine. Accordingly, determination of total bile acids in stools cannot be recommended as a primary test in patients with chronic diarrhoea.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3749797&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Dig Dis Sci. 1986 Nov;31(11):1221-5.
Urgency and fecal soiling in people with bowel dysfunction.

Drossman DA, Sandler RS, Broom CM, McKee DC.

The frequency of urgency and fecal soiling in the population and among people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and the association of these symptoms with health care seeking is unknown. Among 1128 students and hospital employees that we surveyed, urgency was reported in 14.4%, fecal soiling in 5.3%, and diarrhea in 9.0%. Most persons with fecal soiling did not report urgency or diarrhea. Although bowel dysfunction compatible with IBS was present in 20% (227), only 29% of this group (65) had seen a physician for bowel complaints. People with bowel dysfunction were more likely to be women, to take laxatives, and to have rectal urgency. Fecal soiling was more likely among those with bowel dysfunction who had been to the doctor, and included almost half of the men in this group. There was no difference in the frequency of diarrhea reported among those with bowel dysfunction regardless of whether they had been to the doctor. These data suggest fecal soiling may influence people with bowel dysfunction to go to the doctor. Physiological studies are needed to determine if anal sphincter dysfunction is a component of IBS.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3769707&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



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