laxative



References: Laxative






Gut. 1997 Dec;41(6):817-20. Click here to read 
Prospective evaluation of the treatment of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome with biofeedback.

Vaizey CJ, Roy AJ, Kamm MA.

St Mark's Hospital, Harrow, Middlesex, UK.

BACKGROUND: Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is often resistant to medical and surgical treatment. AIM: To determine whether biofeedback retraining is a useful treatment for this condition. PATIENTS: Thirteen consecutive patients with SRUS (three men, median age 34 years, median duration of symptoms three years) underwent treatment. Previous surgical treatment had failed in five. METHODS: Patients were evaluated prospectively. Anorectal physiological studies were performed in 11 patients before treatment. A standardised questionnaire was used before and after treatment, and all but two patients were examined after treatment. RESULTS: Median follow up was nine months (range 3-22 months). After treatment four patients were asymptomatic, and four felt improved. Symptom improvement or elimination occurred in: need to strain (7/13 patients), digitation (7/11), laxative use (5/9). Time in the toilet (median 30 v 10 minutes, before v after treatment) and number of visits to toilet (6 v 3/day) were also improved. Three patients were able to maintain employment before treatment compared with eight after treatment. The solitary ulcer did not heal completely in any of the nine patients examined after treatment, but improved in four. Previous surgery, the macroscopic appearance of the ulcer, the presence of pelvic floor paradox, and other physiological parameters did not predict outcome. CONCLUSION: Biofeedback retraining is a useful treatment for this condition. Long term studies are now required.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9462216&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Dis Colon Rectum. 1988 Jul;31(7):507-12.
The role of chronic constipation, diarrhea, and laxative use in the etiology of large-bowel cancer. Data from the Melbourne Colorectal Cancer Study.

Kune GA, Kune S, Field B, Watson LF.

University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Repatriation General Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.

Life-long bowel habits of 685 colorectal cancer cases and 723 age/sex frequency matched community controls were investigated as one part of a large, comprehensive, population-based study of colorectal cancer incidence, etiology, and survival, The Melbourne Colorectal Cancer Study. Self-reported chronic constipation was statistically significantly more common in cases than in controls (P = .05). Three or more bowel actions per day were reported by more cases than controls but the total number of respondents in this subset consisted of only ten cases and two controls. Otherwise, the frequency and consistency of bowel motions was similarly distributed among cases and controls. Constipation disappeared as a significant risk when simultaneously adjusted for previously determined dietary risk factors, indicating that it is the diet and not the constipation that is associated with the risk of large-bowel cancer. Additionally, a highly statistically significant association (P = .02) was found with the risk of colorectal cancer in those who reported constipation and also had a high fat intake, a finding consistent with current hypotheses of colorectal carcinogenesis. It is concluded that chronic constipation, diarrhea, and the frequency and consistency of bowel motions, as well as laxative use, are unlikely to be etiologic factors in the development of colorectal cancer. Self-reported chronic constipation is a marginally significant indicator of excess risk of large-bowel cancer and may be used as one of the indices in the screening of individuals for this cancer.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3391059&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



J Pediatr Surg. 1998 Jan;33(1):133-7.
Bowel management for fecal incontinence in patients with anorectal malformations.

Pena A, Guardino K, Tovilla JM, Levitt MA, Rodriguez G, Torres R.

Department of Surgery, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Fecal incontinence is common in patients operated on for anorectal malformations. Treatment with enemas, laxatives, and medications are often given by clinicians in an indiscriminate manner and without a demonstrated benefit. A systematic diagnostic approach and bowel management program was developed for patients suffering from fecal incontinence, and a retrospective analysis of the results is presented. METHODS: Three hundred forty-eight patients were seen in consultation for fecal incontinence after repair of imperforate anus at other institutions. Clinical and radiological evaluation helped determine different types of patients. Group I consisted of 147 patients who were considered candidates for reoperation and forms the basis of a future report. Group II included 172 patients who had no potential for bowel control and were therefore candidates for bowel management. These patients fell into two categories; group IIA included 44 patients with incontinence and constipation. The bowel management involved the use of daily large enemas only. Group IIB included 128 patients with incontinence and a tendency to diarrhea. Group III consisted of 29 patients who had pseudoincontinence. They had an original defect with good prognosis, good sphincters, good sacrum, and a well-located rectum. They suffered from severe constipation, megasigmoid, chronic fecal impaction, and overflow pseudoincontinence and were treated with laxatives or sigmoid resection. RESULTS: Bowel management was successful in 93% of patients in the constipation group (IIA) and 88% in the diarrhea group (IIB). Ninety-seven percent of patients in group III became fecally continent. CONCLUSION: Bowel management consisting of enemas, laxatives



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