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References: Laxative

Int J Colorectal Dis. 1998;13(4):154-6.
Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids: relapse as a function of time.

Savioz D, Roche B, Glauser T, Dobrinov A, Ludwig C, Marti MC.

Policlinique de Chirurgie, Hopital Cantonal Universitaire de Geneve, Switzerland.

Rubber band ligation is a well established treatment of internal second-degree hemorrhoids. Up to now, the long-term results (> 5 years) of this method have not been assessed. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term success rate of rubber band ligation in patients with a first episode of second-degree hemorrhoids not responding to medical treatment (local cream with laxative). A total of 92 patients who were treated between 1979 and 1997 for second-degree hemorrhoids responded to a questionnaire. The need for complementary conservative (sclerotherapy, cryotherapy or rubber band ligation) or surgical treatment was considered indicative of relapse. The collected data were analyzed according to the Kaplan-Meier method. The average follow-up time was 5.6 years. There were 21 patients who suffered a relapse. The probability of successful treatment was 0.77 (range: 0.67-0.88) after 5 years and 0.68 (range: 0.5-0.86) after 10.6 years. We conclude that rubber band ligation represent an efficient long-term treatment for second-degree hemorrhoids. Approximately two thirds of the patients are cured after 5 years and more than a half after 10 years.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9810517&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative

Eur J Cancer. 1998 Jun;34(7):1091-8.
Effect of anthraquinone-laxatives on the proliferation and urokinase secretion of normal, premalignant and malignant colonic epithelial cells.

Schorkhuber M, Richter M, Dutter A, Sontag G, Marian B.

Institute of Tumour Biology--Cancer Research, University of Vienna, Austria.

Even though 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (DHA)-laxatives have been implicated in colon carcinogenesis, the available information is still inconclusive. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of the DHA-laxatives, danthrone, rhein, aloe-emodin and sennidine, on colorectal tumour cells. In SW480 carcinoma cultures, dose-dependent induction of urokinase secretion into the medium was the predominant effect. Simultaneously, cell numbers were decreased by DHA-aglycones, but not by sennoside or the biphenylic laxative bisacodyl. DNA synthesis was not similarly reduced: 0.4-4 microM danthrone and sennidine even stimulated 5-bromo-2'-desoxyuridine (BrdU) uptake into DNA. When uptake was normalised to cell number, danthrone and sennidine doubled BrdU uptake/10(6) cells, 18 microM rhein and 0.7 microM aloe-emodin induced increases of 37 and 50%, respectively. This may at least partially be due to selective resistance of S-phase cells to DHA-caused cell loss. In VACO235 adenoma cells, sennidine and aloe-emodin did not affect urokinase secretion, but stimulated growth. Both cell numbers and DNA synthesis were increased. In contrast to SW480 carcinoma cells, VACO235 cells were also sensitive to sennoside and bisacodyl. No effects of DHA were observed in normal colorectal epithelial cells. The biological effects were preceeded by specific phosphorylation of cellular proteins with molecular weights of 110, 78, 63, 57 kDa, indicating the specific induction of a cellular signalling cascade by the laxatives.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9849460&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative

Biol Pharm Bull. 1998 Nov;21(11):1226-7.
Studies of aloe. VI. Cathartic effect of isobarbaloin.

Ishii Y, Takino Y, Toyo'oka T, Tanizawa H.

School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Japan.

The cathartic effect of isobarbaloin, a stereoisomer of barbaloin (compound principally responsible for the cathartic activity of Aloe), was examined in male rats by oral administration. Individual differences in sensitivity in the laxative activity of isobarbaloin and barbaloin was not found. The cathartic activity (ED50) of isobarbaloin in barbaloin positive rats was 19.2 mg/kg, nearly equal to that of barbaloin (19.5 mg/kg). Also, isobarbaloin administered orally was demonstrated to decompose to aloe-emodin-9-anthrone (active metabolite of barbaloin) as well as to barbaloin. Therefore, it is considered that the mechanism underlying the cathartic effect of isobarbaloin is the same as that of barbaloin.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9853419&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative

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