laxative



References: Laxative







Br J Surg. 2000 Jan;87(1):100-5.
Behavioural treatment (biofeedback) for constipation following hysterectomy.

Roy AJ, Emmanuel AV, Storrie JB, Bowers J, Kamm MA.

St Mark's Hospital, Northwick Park, Harrow HA1 3UJ, UK.

BACKGROUND: Constipation after hysterectomy has been postulated to be due to pelvic nerve damage, but there may be emotional or reversible physical factors of pathophysiological relevance. The aim of this study was to determine whether such constipation is responsive to behavioural treatment. METHODS: Three groups of patients who had completed a course of biofeedback treatment were compared: women with no history of abdominal or pelvic surgery (n = 25), women for whom a hysterectomy had led to no change in bowel function (n = 27) and women who stated that their constipation was precipitated (n = 18) or severely worsened (n = 8) by hysterectomy. Pretreatment and post-treatment details about bowel function and symptoms were assessed using structured interview, and pretreatment whole-gut transit time and anorectal physiology testing were assessed for prognostic relevance. RESULTS: Follow-up after completing treatment was a median of 28 (range 12-44) months. Forty-eight of 78 patients considered that their constipation had improved with treatment; the proportion in each group was similar (P = 0.73). Biofeedback reduced the need to strain, reduced abdominal pain, improved bowel frequency, and reduced laxative use to a similar degree in all three groups. Thirty-three of 53 patients with slow transit considered there was an improvement, compared with 15 of 22 with measured normal transit. Physiological testing did not predict outcome and did not differ between the three groups. CONCLUSION: The majority of patients complaining of constipation induced or worsened by hysterectomy respond subjectively to behavioural treatment, in a similar proportion to those with idiopathic constipation. In contrast to the widely held view that nerve damage is responsible for symptoms, reversible



Phytother Res. 2000 Feb;14(1):43-4.
The in vitro effect of dandelions antioxidants on microsomal lipid peroxidation.

Hagymasi K, Blazovics A, Feher J, Lugasi A, Kristo ST, Kery A.

II. Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary.

Dandelions have long been used in herbal medicine for their choleretic, diuretic, antiinflammatory, appetite-stimulating and laxative properties. An antioxidant property can be supposed as a basis of their-therapeutic effects. To understand the mechanism of the drug's action, the effects of natural extracts on a microsomal fraction of rat liver were examined. The extracts diminished the enzymatically induced-lipid peroxidation and reduced the cytochrome c with and without NADPH in a concentration dependent manner. Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10641047&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Pharm World Sci. 1999 Dec;21(6):251-5.
Abuse/misuse of non-prescription drugs.

Hughes GF, McElnay JC, Hughes CM, McKenna P.

School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, Northern Ireland.

AIM: To investigate the abuse of non-prescription (over-the-counter; OTC) products in Northern Ireland. METHOD: A structured questionnaire covering various aspects of OTC drug abuse was mailed to all 509 community pharmacies in Northern Ireland. RESULTS: 253 responses were received (response rate 49.7%) after two mailings. Pharmacists named 112 OTC products they perceived were being abused in Northern Ireland. These were classified into 8 groups, with opioids, antihistamines and laxatives the most frequently reported. The frequency of abuse of all product groups was perceived to be either increasing or static. The number of clients suspected of abuse over a three-month period ranged from 0 to 700 (median = 10, mode = 6) with 55% being regular customers. Pharmacists employed several methods to limit patient access to products of abuse. The most common technique was to keep the product out of sight. Others included additional client questioning, providing advice and limiting the quantity of product sold. The majority of respondents agreed their role could be extended to include other methods of dealing with abusers, including participation in harm-reduction programmes to wean abusers off products. Geographical region and location of pharmacy were not significant factors in the abuse of OTC products. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacists in Northern Ireland perceive abuse and misuse of OTC products to be occurring in practice. Current methods employed for dealing with it are inadequate. Research into methods of effectively dealing with OTC abuse/misuse is required and has commenced on the basis of these findings.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10658232&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



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