laxative



References: Laxative






Am J Perinatol. 1987 Jan;4(1):5-7.
Medium-chain triglycerides in neonatal nutrition. Absence of inhibition of lipogenesis and of laxative effect.

Dutton EB, West DL, Brans YW.

Eighteen neonates ranging in birthweight from 820 to 1570 gm and in gestational age from 29 to 35 weeks were assigned alternately and blindly to feedings with formulas containing 14 or 50% of their fat as medium-chain triglycerides (MCT). Mean daily intakes of formula and mean daily weight gains were similar in neonates in the two groups. Consistency of stools and mean weekly increments in skinfold thickness were not affected by the MCT content of the formula. This suggests that under ordinary clinical conditions, medium-chain triglycerides exert no laxative effect nor affect adversely the deposition of subcutaneous fat in very low-birthweight neonates.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3098257&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Ann Clin Biochem. 1987 Jan;24 ( Pt 1):29-35.
Biochemical abnormalities in anorexia nervosa and bulimia.

Mira M, Stewart PM, Vizzard J, Abraham S.

We report the biochemical results in 90 women presenting to an eating disorders clinic: 61 who had bulimia, 22 with anorexia nervosa and seven unclassified. The results were compared with 30 control women. The group of women with an eating disorder had significantly higher concentrations of total CO2, calcium, AST, ALT, ALP, albumin and cholesterol and significantly lower concentrations of potassium, chloride and phosphate in the plasma. The elevated calcium could be accounted for in part by an increase in total CO2 and an increase in albumin. Hypokalaemia was strongly associated with self-induced vomiting and laxative abuse. Biochemical abnormalities occurred in both forms of eating disorders; however, hypercholesterolaemia was more common in anorexia nervosa and abnormal liver enzymes were more common in bulimia.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3103518&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Mutat Res. 1987 Jul;188(3):161-8.
Investigations on DNA binding in rat liver and in Salmonella and on mutagenicity in the Ames test by emodin, a natural anthraquinone.

Bosch R, Friederich U, Lutz WK, Brocker E, Bachmann M, Schlatter C.

Emodin (1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone), an important aglycone found in natural anthraquinone glycosides frequently used in laxative drugs, was mutagenic in the Salmonella/mammalian microsome assay (Ames test) with a specificity for strain TA1537. The mutagenic activity was activation-dependent with an optimal amount of S9 from Aroclor 1254-treated male Sprague-Dawley rats of 20% in the S9 mix (v/v) for 10 micrograms emodin per plate. Heat inactivation of the S9 for 30 min at 60 degrees C prevented mutagenicity. The addition of the cytochrome P-448 inhibitor 7,8-benzoflavone (18.5 nmoles per plate) reduced the mutagenic activity of 5.0 micrograms emodin per plate to about one third, whereas the P-450 inhibitor metyrapone (up to 1850 nmoles per plate) was without effect. To test whether a metabolite binds covalently to Salmonella DNA, [10-(14)C]emodin was radiosynthesized, large batches of bacteria were incubated with [10-(14)C]emodin and DNA was isolated. [G-3H]Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was used as a positive control mutagen known to act via DNA binding. DNA obtained after aflatoxin treatment could be purified to constant specific activity. With emodin, the specific activity of DNA did not remain constant after repeated precipitations so that it is unlikely that the mutagenicity of emodin is due to covalent interaction of a metabolite with DNA. The antioxidants vitamin C and E or glutathione did not reduce the mutagenicity. Emodin was also negative with strain TA102. Thus, oxygen radicals are probably not involved. When emodin was incubated with S9 alone for up to 50 h before heat-inactivation of the enzymes and addition of bacteria, the mutagenic activity did not decrease. It is concluded that the mutagenicity of emodin is due to a chemically stable, oxidiz



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