References: Laxative
Digestion. 2000;61(3):201-6.
Significant increase in prostaglandin E-main urinary metabolite by laxative administration: comparison with ulcerative colitis.
Fujiwara M, Okayasu I, Oritsu M, Komatsu J, Yoshitsugu M, Katoh Y, Bandoh T, Toyoshima H, Kase Y, Sugihara K, Kanno J, Hayashi Y.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the production of prostaglandin E(2), an important chemical mediator in diarrhea induced by laxative administration, a prostaglandin E-main urinary metabolite (7alpha-hydroxy-5,11-diketotetranor-prosta-1,16-dioic acid, PGE-MUM) was measured in healthy volunteers and compared with the values of patients with ulcerative colitis. METHODS: PGE-MUM was determined by a simplified immunoassay of bicyclic PGE-MUM and analyzed for the influence of laxative administration and active/remission phases of ulcerative colitis. RESULTS: Administration of laxatives induced a significant increase in PGE-MUM in healthy volunteers. A significant elevation was also found in the active as compared with the remission phase of ulcerative colitis. The PGE-MUM levels were significantly correlated with our modified Talstad scores, clinical disease activity indices in ulcerative colitis. It was confirmed by time course studies of individual patients that changes in PGE-MUM correlated well with colitis activity. CONCLUSION: Laxative administration induces production of prostaglandin E(2) as one of the chemical mediators, although its production grade is relatively low as compared with ulcerative colitis in the active phase. Copyright 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10773726&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative
Women Health. 1988;14(2):27-42.
Gender differences in body weight perception and weight-loss strategies of college students.
Connor-Greene PA.
Clemson University, SC 29634-1511.
Gender differences in college students' perceptions and satisfaction with body weight were examined. Females tended to perceive themselves as overweight when they were not, failed to see themselves as underweight when they were, and many of those who did not see themselves as even slightly overweight wanted to lose weight. Although males reported some dissatisfaction with their bodies, they tended to want to gain rather than lose weight. Females dieted more frequently than did males, and nearly one-third of the females reported either self-induced vomiting or laxative use as a weight-loss strategy. The relationship between social pressure for female slenderness, dieting, and eating disorders are discussed.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3245208&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative
Am J Epidemiol. 2000 May 15;151(10):958-64.
Prospective study of bowel movement, laxative use, and risk of colorectal cancer among women.
Dukas L, Willett WC, Colditz GA, Fuchs CS, Rosner B, Giovannucci EL.
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
The authors prospectively examined the association between bowel movement frequency, laxative use, and the risk of colorectal cancer in 84,577 women of the Nurses' Health Study living in the United States, 36-61 years of age and free of cancer in 1982. Between 1984 and 1996, 611 incident cases of colorectal cancer were documented. After controlling for age, body mass index, fiber intake, postmenopausal status and hormone use, physical activity, and use of laxatives, the relative risks associated with having bowel movements every third day or less, compared with those with bowel movements once daily, were 0.94 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69, 1.28) for colorectal cancer, 0.88 (95% CI: 0.62, 1.26) for colon cancer, and 1.18 (95% CI: 0.63, 2.20) for rectal cancer. Compared with women who never used laxatives, the multivariate relative risks associated with weekly to daily laxative use were 1.00 (95% CI: 0.72, 1.40) for colorectal cancer, 1.09 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.57) for colon cancer, and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.29, 1.57) for rectal cancer. These findings do not support an association between infrequent bowel movement, laxative use, and risk of colorectal cancer and indicate that simple questions directed at bowel movement frequency are unlikely to enhance our ability to predict colorectal cancer risk.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10853634&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative
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