laxative



References: Laxative






N Z Med J. 2001 Oct 26;114(1142):474-7.
The prevalence of faecal incontinence and constipation in a general New Zealand population; a postal survey.

Lynch AC, Dobbs BR, Keating J, Frizelle FA.

Department of Surgery, Christchurch Hospital.

AIMS: To determine the prevalence of constipation and faecal incontinence in the community. METHODS: A 20-question multi-field postal questionnaire was sent to 1500 adults (over 18 years) randomly selected from the electoral roll in the Canterbury region. Questions detailed frequency of bowel function, time spent at the toilet, incidence and severity of faecal incontinence, constipation, and the effect of disordered bowel function. RESULTS: Of 1500 questionnaires, 717 (48%) were returned (male: female 388:329). The median age was 46 years (range 18-70). 24 (4%) had self-reported gastrointestinal disease. There was a median frequency of seven bowel motions per week (BM/wk) (range 1 to 70) with 89% having between two motions a day and one every two days. Faecal incontinence affected lifestyle in 58 (8.1%). Incontinence of solid stool at least once a month occurred in 70 (9.8%), of liquid stool in 91 (12.7%), of gas in 459 (64%), while 12 (2%) regularly wore a pad. Those with self-reported gastrointestinal disease had a significantly higher (p<0.05) bowel motion frequency (17 vs 7 BM/wk) and median faecal incontinence score (2.5 vs 0). Laxatives were used by 4.9% of the population, while 26.2% increased fibre to avoid constipation. CONCLUSIONS: The normal frequency of bowel motions (+/- 2SD) was 2-17 per week. Faecal incontinence affecting life style affected 8.1%, while constipation requiring regular laxative use affected 4.9% of people. There is acceptance in the community that a moderate degree of bowel dysfunction is normal. Stool frequency and faecal incontinence scores can be used to predict those most likely to have organic gastrointestinal disease.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11760243&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2001 Sep-Oct;64(5):63-5.
[Laxative effect of poly(ethylene oxide) 1500 per se and in combination with bisacodyl]

[Article in Russian]

Smol'iakova VI, Chernysheva GA, Plotnikov MB.

Institute of Pharmacology, Tomsk Scientific Center, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, pr. Lenina 3, Tomsk, 634028 Russia.

The results of experiments on rats showed evidence of a laxative activity of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-1500) upon peroral administration. This effect is related to the polymer ability of retaining water, which increases the intestinal content volume and accelerates the intestinal peristaltic activity. The anticonstipative effect of PEO-1500 is comparable to that of forlax, but less pronounced than the effect of bisacodyl. The joint administration of PEO-1500 with bisacodyl produces a synergistic effect exceeding the separate action of both agents.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11764506&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



J R Soc Health. 1991 Feb;111(1):12-6.
Body image and eating behaviour in interethnic adolescent girls.

Walker AR, Walker BF, Locke MM, Cassim FA, Molefe O.

Department of Tropical Pathology, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.

Reports of major dissatisfaction among adolescent girls over body shape and their associated eating behaviour, prompted determining anthropometric and questionnaire studies on series of rural and urban black, Indian, and white girls aged 14-19 years. Variables were concern over weight, desired weight loss, also practices regarding binge eating, fasting, vomiting and laxative use. Black girls have low weight-for-age, yet experience more obesity than white girls; yet weight reduction, although desired, is seldom seriously attempted. Indian girls have low weight-for-age, principally for genetic, not social class, reasons; they also, even some underweight, desired weight reduction. White girls are also dissatisfied, although less acutely than girls in the US. The current attitudes of South African adolescent girls, apart from extremes, are unlikely to seriously prejudice their health.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2005600&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



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