laxative



References: Laxative







Dig Dis Sci. 1991 Oct;36(10):1448-52.
Oral colon lavage solutions containing polyethylene glycol may interfere with ELISA detection of tumor-associated antigens in colonic effluent.

Tobi M, Darmon E, Rozen P, Epstein N, Konikoff F, Stadler J, Harpaz N, Fink A, Bentwich Z, Maliakkal B, et al.

Department of Gastroenterology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Israel.

Immunologic methods for detection of colorectal neoplasia based on examination of stool or colonic effluent are being developed. Most current oral lavage preparations contain polyethylene glycol (PEG), and if PEG adversely interferes with immunologic testing these tests may become less useful. We describe a decrease in sensitivity of ELISA for tumor-associated antigens (TAA) when effluent samples are diluted in PEG-electrolyte lavage solution, equivalent to a commonly used oral lavage solution based on PEG. Radioisotope-labeled antigen binding to plastic plates was decreased by dilution in the PEG lavage solution. Antigen binding, present in colonic effluent collected by the laxative purge method, was absent in effluent collected by PEG oral lavage from the same patient. We conclude that PEG and PEG-containing lavage solutions interfere with ELISA detection of TAA in colonic effluents. We speculate that the in vitro, and possibly the in vivo, effect occurs at the level of antigen binding to the plate either by a steric effect or alteration of charge by the nonpolar properties of PEG.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1914769&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991 Nov;144(5):1065-9.
Asthma and allergy associated with occupational exposure to ispaghula and senna products in a pharmaceutical work force.

Marks GB, Salome CM, Woolcock AJ.

Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.

A cross-sectional study of 125 pharmaceutical workers engaged in the manufacture of bulk laxatives based on ispaghula husks (psyllium) and senna pods was conducted. Skin prick tests with extracts of these components revealed that 7.6% were allergic to ispaghula and 15.3% were allergic to senna. Four (3.2%) cases of occupational asthma were identified. The overall prevalence of asthma (6.4%) was less than in a comparable nonexposed Australian population (odds ration, 0.44). Symptoms referrable to the upper airways, eyes, and skin were more prevalent (52.0%) than in the reference population (odds ratio, 1.53). Smokers and nonatopic subjects were more likely to complain of these symptoms if they were sensitized to senna and/or ispaghula than if they were not sensitized (relative risks, 1.9 and 2.6, respectively). Sensitization to ispaghula and/or senna was not a risk factor for asthma. An IgE-mediated allergic mechanism is probably responsible for the allergic symptoms in many of these subjects. Smoking seems to be a cofactor in this process.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1952432&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative



Ann Surg. 1991 Oct;214(4):403-11; discussion 411-3.
Evaluation and surgical treatment of severe chronic constipation.

Pemberton JH, Rath DM, Ilstrup DM.

Department of Surgery, Mayo Medical School, Rochester, MN 55905.

Patients with chronic constipation may have one of several physiologic disorders, not all of which are amenable to operative therapy. The aim of this study was to test colonic and pelvic floor function preoperatively, to identify patients suitable for surgery based on these studies, and to determine operative outcome over time. Between 1987 and January 1991, 277 patients referred for severe symptoms of chronic intractable constipation underwent colon transit studies, measurement of anal canal pressures and reflexes, and measurements of anorectal angle movements and efficiency of evacuation. Balloon expulsion studies, electromyography of the pelvic floor, and defecating proctograms also were done. Based on these studies, patients were categorized as having: slow transit constipation (STC), 29 patients; pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD), 37 patients; STC + PFD, combined slow transit and pelvic floor dysfunction, 14 patients; and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), 197 patients. Slow transit constipation patients underwent abdominal colectomy and reanastomosis. Pelvic floor dysfunction patients underwent pelvic floor retraining only. Patients with STC + PFD underwent pelvic floor retraining followed by abdominal colectomy. Irritable bowel syndrome patients were treated symptomatically. Among the 38 patients operated on (STC and STC + PFD), there was no operative mortality. Prolonged ileus developed in 13%, and small bowel obstruction occurred in 11% of patients. On follow-up, a mean of 20 months after ileorectostomy, no patient was constipated, none required a laxative, and none was incontinent. The mean number of stools per day was four. The authors concluded that a prospective evaluation of colonic and pelvic floor function reliably delineated constipated patients with slow transit, suitable for



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