laxative



References: Laxative






Minerva Pediatr. 1993 Mar;45(3):93-8.
[The predictive value of antigliadin antibodies (AGA) in the diagnosis of non-celiac gastrointestinal disease in children]

[Article in Italian]

Bottaro G, Failla P, Rotolo N, Azzaro F, Spina M, Castiglione N, Patane R.

I Clinica Pediatrica, Universita degli Studi di Catania.

Recent antigliadin antibody (AGA) determination has become an important diagnostic tool in coeliac disease (CD). Although this test has high sensibility for the disease, it is less specific, especially for IgG class, because of its having been found in some acute and chronic common intestinal childhood diseases. We studied the behaviour of AGA, IgA and IgG, in 234 children affected by various gastrointestinal diseases, comparing the results with those obtained in 125 coeliac children and 788 normal children. The intestinal diseases were as follows: irritable bowel syndrome, cow's milk protein intolerance, acute infectious diarrhoea, parasitosis, lactase deficiency, recurrent abdominal pain, cystic fibrosis, chronic constipation, gastroesophageal reflux, intestinal lymphangiectasia, chronic intractable diarrhoea and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. Our results showed that while AGA-IgA were absent in all children studied, with the exception of 3 cases of acute diarrhoea, a moderate percentage of AGA-IgG was observed in subjects with cow's milk protein intolerance, acute diarrhoea, irritable bowel syndrome, lactase deficiency, chronic intractable diarrhoea and in a low percentage of children with parasitosis, intestinal lymphangiectasia and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. There was no antibody movement in subjects with cystic fibrosis, gastroesophageal reflux, recurrent abdominal pains and chronic constipation. The different behaviour of the two antibody classes could be explained by the fact that AGA-IgG were detected in diseases where scattered areas of mucosal damage could allow the permeability of the macromolecules inducing passage of gliadin through the mucosal barrier and i



Jpn Heart J. 1976 May;17(3):326-37.
Pathological studies of the animals replaced totally with the artificial heart. Part II Concerning liver, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, and general discussion.

Mano I, Fujimasa I, Imachi K, Nishisaka T, Ohmichi H.

Twenty-eight goats with an artificial heart (AH) were studied pathologically. Being continued from the previous report, the liver, gastrointestinal tract, and kidneys were taken up in this paper and finally, general discussion was done to get our ideas in shape concerning the pathophysiological status of the goat. Central necrosis of the liver was always observed in the goats which survived for over 140 hours. This finding seemed to be caused mainly by circulatory insufficiency of the portal vein at the latter half of the survival time. Microscopic findings of degeneration, necrosis, and edema were commonly observed at the walls of gastrointestinal tracts, when goats showed poor apetite, mucous feces and constipation. But these problems have been improved by application of a new control method to regulate the output of AH system within a goat's physiological range since October 1974. The lesions seen in the kidneys are classified into 5 groups. The most important findings of them are lower nephron nephrosis and cortical necrosis, both of which indicate the occurrence of long standing vasoconstriction of proximal renal arteries. By means of microangiographic method and others, thrombi were detected frequently in the kidneys. The vascular walls, where thrombi were attached to, were often damaged. Therefore, these thrombi were thought to be formed in the local vessels in situ through renal circulatory insufficiency. The renal pathological lesions have been also improved and severe renal failure from which the previous goats could not escape, has been lessened since the application of a new AH control method. As a whole, the main pathophysiological status of the animals replaced by the AH are thought conclusively to be peripheral circulatory insuffic



Padiatr Padol. 1976;11(2-2):403-16.
[Diagnosis and therapy of chronic constipation]

[Article in German]

Holschneider AM, Klehr P, Fendel H.

Severe chronic constipation is an extremely rare disorder. Out of 39 370 patients seen in our hospital during the past two years only 309 children (=0,78%) were suffered from severe chronic constipation. Radiologic and electromanometrical examinations revealed as an organic cause anal sphincter achalasia or Hirschsprung's disease in 30,7% of these constipated children. In 54,9% however no pathomorphologic results could be found. Of all cases 14,4% examined were postoperative controls. Careful electromanometric and defecographic examination of every chronically constipated child is crucially important in determining the therapy as in most cases chronic constipation in childhood, is due to a functional asynchronism of the internal and external anal sphincter relaxation reflexes, it can most reliably be diagnosed by electromanometrical examinations. The accuracy and reliability of our electromanometrical method has been proved not only by comparison with radiologic and histologic techniques but also statistically by analysis of discriminance of the recorded parameters. The therapeutic approach depends on the underlying disease. Mechanical obstruction of the intestine, nervous dysregulation of colonic motility causing Hirschsprung's disease and organic anal sphincter achalasia require surgical treatment. In cases of achalasia myotomia of the internal anal sphincter gives excellent functional results. In 73 cases treated by myotomy no symptoms of anal incontinence were seen. Medical therapy includes administration of laxatives combined with high roughage diet, adjustment of living conditions including increased physical activity and bowel training in order to learn a conditioned defecation reflex. The matter can be more easily achieved by administering Dihydroergotamine and Lactulose initially.

Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=967505&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing



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