References: Laxative
Arch Domin Pediatr. 1991 May-Aug;27(2):39-41.
[IgM Leptospira antibodies in acute infectious hepatitis cases in children]
[Article in Spanish]
Mendoza HR, Sencion-paulino C, Torres-rosario CJ, Perez C, Koenig E.
PIP: 50 children under the age of 15 years were studied who had been hospitalized in two hospitals in the Dominican Republic with HIV diagnosed by the presence of biphasic hyperbilirubinemia and elevation of glutamic-pyruvic and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminases. The sera of the patients were examined for the presence of leptospirotic immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies by means of the enzymatic immunoassay method (UREASA-ELISA). The Leptospira-positive sera were also investigated for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and for the IgM antibody (ab) of the hepatitis A virus (ab-HAV) by ELISA. 5 cases were positive for IgM Leptospira antibodies (10%), not finding in this percentage the presence of HBsAg; 3 of the 5 Leptospira-positive samples demonstrated the presence of ab-HVA-IgM. Only 2 cases (4%) presented IgM Leptospira antibodies. Out of the 5 cases with IgM antibodies, males predominated (3/5). When compared to negative cases, however, there were more rural elements among them than in negative cases: regarding origins (10% vs. 16%), agricultural workers (40% vs. 20%), contact with cattle and fresh water (80% vs. 40%), and daily contact with humid soil in living quarters (60% vs. 48%). The clinical picture of the 5 positive cases featured myalgia (p = 0.05) and abdominal pain (p = 0.05). The stiffness of neck was relatively more frequent in positive cases (20%) than in negative cases (7%); also, fever (100% vs. 80%), vomiting (60% vs. 22%), headache (80% vs. 56%), constipation (20% vs. 9%), and hepatomegaly (100% vs. 71%). There was clear evidence that leptospirotic infection must be watched and also its association with acute infectious hepatitis.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12290551&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing
Jpn J Cancer Res. 2002 Sep;93(9):1029-36.
Thalidomide for the treatment of refractory multiple myeloma: association of plasma concentrations of thalidomide and angiogenic growth factors with clinical outcome.
Kakimoto T, Hattori Y, Okamoto S, Sato N, Kamata T, Yamaguchi M, Morita K, Yamada T, Takayama N, Uchida H, Shimada N, Tanigawara Y, Ikeda Y.
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
Recent reports showed that thalidomide has anti-angiogenic activity and is effective for the treatment of refractory multiple myeloma (MM). We examined the relationship between the clinical efficacy and adverse effects of thalidomide and the plasma concentrations of this drug as well as angiogenic growth factors in refractory MM. Ten out of twenty-four evaluable patients (42%) showed more than 25% reduction of M-protein, and eight (33%) achieved more than 50% reduction. These changes were associated with restoration of anemia and recovery of normal immunoglobulin level. Somnolence and headache, constipation, peripheral neuropathy and skin rash were frequently observed, but were well tolerated. However, grade 2 - 4 severe neutropenia was also observed in nine cases. These adverse effects other than neutropenia occurred more frequently in the patients with higher plasma concentrations of thalidomide (2.0 microg/ml at 12 h after the last administration) and were readily alleviated by dose reduction. In contrast, neutropenia developed regardless of the plasma concentration. Plasma concentrations of angiogenic growth factors were frequently elevated before treatment. After thalidomide treatment, these growth factor levels tend to decrease to near-normal ranges in responders but were still high in most non-responders. After thalidomide treatment, plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level was significantly reduced in responders (P = 0.025), but not in non-responders (P = 0.37). Reduction of plasma VEGF level might be an impor
Surg Endosc. 2003 Jan;17(1):99-103. Epub 2002 Sep 30.
Clinically based management of rectal prolapse.
Madbouly KM, Senagore AJ, Delaney CP, Duepree HJ, Brady KM, Fazio VW.
Department of Colorectal Surgery and the Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave, Desk A-111, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic repair of rectal prolapse offers the potential of lower recurrence rates for transabdominal repair coupled with the advantages of minimally invasive colorectal surgery. There have been no direct comparisons of the laparoscopic Wells procedure (LWP) and laparoscopic resection with rectopexy (LRR). This study is the first to make a direct comparison of outcomes from laparoscopic LRR and LWP repairs using a selected, symptom-based choice of operative procedure. METHODS: Consecutive patients presenting with complete rectal prolapse were evaluated by clinical history of the degree of constipation, diarrhea, or incontinence. Patients with a history of constipation or normal bowel habits with normal continence underwent LRR, whereas those with diarrhea or anal incontinence underwent LWP. The collected data included age, gender, operative time, length of hospital stay (LOS), operative blood loss, complications, and postoperative symptoms of constipation or diarrhea. Continence was scored using the Cleveland Clinic scoring system. RESULTS: Of the 24 patients, 11 underwent LRR and 13 had LWP. The patients in both groups were predominantly, female (LRR, 9/1; LWP, 10/2). The LRR patients were significantly younger (48.6 vs 63.9 years p <0.001). Both operative time and LOS were significantly longer in the RR group (operative time, 128.5 +/- 80.6 min vs 69.9 +/- 13.4 min; LOS, 3.6 +/- 3.1 days vs 2.2 +/- 1.03 days). All patients in the LRR group had constipation preoperative, and no patients were incontinent clinically. Preoperatively, 7 of the 13 patients in the LWP group had preoperative diarrhea, and 1 patient had clinical constipation. A five patients experienc
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