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Tijdschr Gerontol Geriatr. 1994 Dec;25(6):231-6.
[Incidence and prevalence of health problems in a group of nursing home patients with dementia. A comparison with family practice]

[Article in Dutch]

Koopmans RT, van den Hoogen HJ, van Weel C.

Verpleeghuis Joachim en Anna, Nijmegen.

The objective of this study was to describe the health problems of a group dementia patients on admission and during residence in a Dutch nursing home and to compare these with figures of patients of 75 years and over from general practice. In 890 nursing home patients suffering from dementia prevalence of health problems on admission and the incidence during the residence were classified by means of the ICHPPC-2-defined. The differences between men and women were studied as was the influence of the season on the incidence during the stay. Results were compared with figures of patients of seventy five year and over from the continuous morbidity registration (CMR) from 'Nijmegen'. The most frequently occurring health problems on admission were: varicose veins of legs, acquired deformation of the spine, presbyacusis, hypertension, arthrosis, COPD, cerebrovascular disorders, heart murmur, cataract and chronic ischemic heart disease. During the residence the following health problems were frequently diagnosed: urinary tract infection, side effect of medicine, constipation, pneumonia, pressure sore, feeding problem, contusion, heart failure, cold and conjunctivitis. There were clear differences between men and women. Especially the incidence of intercurrent diseases showed great differences from the patterns in general practice. Prevalence of health problems on admission to the nursing home home agreed mor with figures from general practice. Respiratory tract infections frequently occurred in winter and urinary tract infections, pressure sores and conjunctivitis seemed to occur more in the summer. Nursing home patients with dementia have a lot of chronic and intercurrent health problems. They differ clearly from patient



Dis Colon Rectum. 1995 Jan;38(1):7-13.
Results of rectocele repair. A prospective study.

Mellgren A, Anzen B, Nilsson BY, Johansson C, Dolk A, Gillgren P, Bremmer S, Holmstrom B.

Department of Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate the results of rectocele repair and parameters that might be useful in selecting patients for this operation. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with symptom-giving rectoceles were prospectively evaluated with a standardized questionnaire, physical examination, defecography, colon transit studies, anorectal manometry, and electrophysiology. Patients underwent posterior colporrhaphy and perineorrhaphy. They were followed postoperatively (mean, 1.0 year) with the same questionnaire, physical examination, defecography, anorectal manometry, and electrophysiology. RESULTS: Constipation had improved postoperatively in 21 of 24 constipated patients (88 percent). At postoperative follow-up 13 patients (52 percent) had no constipation symptoms, 8 (32 percent) had occasional symptoms, and 4 (16 percent) had symptoms more than once per week. Four patients with rectocele at preoperative defecography, but not at physical examination, had favorable outcomes following surgery. The majority of patients not using vaginal digitalization preoperatively had improved with respect to constipation. All patients with pathologic transit studies had various degrees of constipation postoperatively. Constipation was not improved in two of five patients with preoperative paradoxic sphincter reaction. CONCLUSIONS: Rectocele is one cause of constipation that can be treated with good results. Preoperative use of vaginal digitalization is not mandatory for a good postoperative result. Defecography is an important complement to physical examination. Patients with pathologic transit study might have a less favorable outcome of rectocele repair with respect to constipation. More studies about the significance of paradoxic sphin



Int J Colorectal Dis. 1994 Aug;9(3):128-33.
Biofeedback re-education of faecal continence in children.

Arhan P, Faverdin C, Devroede G, Besancon-Lecointe I, Fekete C, Goupil G, Black R, Jan D, Martelli H, Pellerin D.

Departement de chirurgie pediatrique, Hopital des Enfants Malades, Paris, France.

The purpose of this prospective study was to see if pretreatment anorectal motility can predict successful correction of faecal incontinence with biofeedback. Forty-seven consecutive children, aged 5 to 18 years, were treated. They had been treated for idiopathic constipation with faecal impaction, but had remained incontinent (n = 15), had been operated for congenital anorectal malformations of high (n = 19) or low (n = 2) type, or had a number of organic congenital pelvic abnormalities (n = 11). This consecutive series represents our entire experience with biofeedback for faecal incontinence, in the period from January 1 1983 to December 31 1989. In each patient, at the first session, anorectal manometry was performed. Resting pressures in the rectum, upper anal canal and lower anal canal were measured. The threshold of rectal sensation during distension, the maximal pressure during voluntary sphincteric contraction and the time to half decrease of sphincteric pressure because of muscular fatigue were also noted. The patient was then asked to make a voluntary sphincteric contraction, while the rectum was being distended with the volume at threshold for rectal sensation. In subsequent sessions, the rectum was also distended but without warning the patient, who was congratulated when he or she contracted the sphincter immediately after onset of rectal distension. Full continence was the criterion used to classify re-education as a success. Improvement or no change in continence was considered as failure of the treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7814985&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing



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