References: Laxative
Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2003 Jun;14(2):128-32. Epub 2003 Mar 12.
The association of obstructive defecation, lower urinary tract dysfunction and the benign joint hypermobility syndrome: a case-control study.
Manning J, Korda A, Benness C, Solomon M.
Urogynaecology Unit, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Australia.
It has been suggested that, apart from obstetric trauma, chronic straining at stool may also result in pudendal nerve damage, contributing to the etiology of genuine stress incontinence (GSI). The benign joint hypermobility syndrome (BJHS) has been associated with rectal as well as uterovaginal prolapse, suggesting that connective tissue abnormalities may also be implicated. This study was undertaken in order to further investigate whether - and if so, why - an association may exist between symptoms of obstructive defecation, lifetime constipation, chronic heavy lifting and lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction. Cases were female patients referred for urodynamic assessment with symptoms of LUT dysfunction. Controls were age-, sex- and postcode-matched community controls. Both cases and controls were assessed using a detailed questionnaire that also asked about symptoms of BJHS. Cases were also divided into their urodynamic classification of LUT dysfunction. All symptoms of obstructive defecation (52.3% vs 33.6%, P=0.00003), as well as chronic straining at stool (38.6% vs 23.4%, P=0.0005), were significantly more common in women with LUT dysfunction than in community controls. BJHS, chronic heavy lifting and a history of uterovaginal prolapse were significantly associated with patients with LUT and obstructive defecation compared to those with LUT dysfunction alone. Overall, symptoms of obstructed defecation were not more prevalent in any one urodynamic diagnostic group than in others. However, childhood constipation and current constipation were significantly more prevalent in women with voiding dysfunction than in those with other urodynamic diagnoses (16.7% vs 5.5%, P = 0.0030 and 13.0% vs 5.7%, P = 0.017).
An Pediatr (Barc). 2003 Jul;59(1):54-8.
[Neonatal visits to a pediatric emergency service]
[Article in Spanish]
Perez Solis D, Pardo de la Vega R, Fernandez Gonzalez N, Ibanez Fernandez A, Prieto Espunes S, Fanjul Fernandez JL.
Departamento de Pediatria. Hospital Central de Asturias. Oviedo. Espana.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the profile of neonatal visits to a pediatric emergency service and to compare this profile with that of other pediatric age groups. METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed the reports of all neonates who presented to the pediatric emergency service in 2000. Patients transferred from other hospitals were excluded. Age, sex, time of presentation, source of referral, presenting complaint, investigations, final diagnosis and hospitalization were analyzed. RESULTS: Three hundred and nine neonatal visits were identified. The mean age was 14.3 days and 57.3 % were male. Demand was greatest during evening and night shifts and on Sundays. The most common presenting complaints were irritability/crying (19.1 %), constipation (11.7 %) and jaundice (8.7 %). The most frequent diagnoses were infantile colic (16.8 %), constipation (9.7 %) and jaundice (8.7 %). No morbid processes were found in 12.0 % of the patients and complementary investigations were not required in 68.3 %. Fifty-one neonates (16.5 %) were admitted, mainly due to jaundice (9 patients) and sepsis (8 patients). Patients referred by physicians (29 patients, 9.4 %), especially those referred by pediatricians, were admitted and required investigations more often than self-referred patients. The admission rate was higher in neonates than in other pediatric age groups. CONCLUSIONS: Most neonatal utilization of emergency services is due to trivial problems that could be solved in primary care. Appropriate training is required to avoid unnecessary tests without overlooking potentially serious conditions.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12887874&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing
Am Surg. 2003 Jul;69(7):578-80.
Hand-assisted laparoscopic colectomy: a single-institution experience.
Cobb WS, Lokey JS, Schwab DP, Crockett JA, Rex JC, Robbins JA.
Academic Department of Surgery, Greenville Hospital System, Greenville, South Carolina 29605, USA.
The purpose of this study was to examine the results of a single institution experience with hand-assisted laparoscopic colon resection for benign disease. We conducted a retrospective study of consecutive cases performed by experienced laparoscopic surgeons at a single institution. From August 1999 to June 2001, 37 patients underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic colon resection. Seventeen patients were male, and 20 were female. Median patient age was 58 years (range 20-80). Indications for surgery were: polyp (13), uncomplicated diverticular disease (eight), complicated diverticular disease (i.e., colovesicular fistula, phlegmon, etc.) (seven), chronic constipation (four), rectal prolapse (two), ulcerative colitis (one), endometriosis (one), and fecal incontinence (one). Procedures performed were: sigmoidectomy (14), right colectomy (nine), low anterior resection (seven), subtotal colectomy (five), cecectomy (one), and transverse colectomy (one). Variables examined were: conversion to open procedure, operative time, blood loss, time to return of flatus, length of postoperative hospital stay, and complications. There were no deaths. One case was converted to celiotomy (unable to rule out malignancy). The median operative time was 122 minutes (range 32-240) with a median operative blood loss of 132 mL (range 0-300). Return of flatus was noted (median) at postoperative day 3 (range 1-5), and the median length of stay after operation was 4 days (range 2-8). One patient developed a superficial wound infection, and there was one pelvic abscess (drained percutaneously). One patient developed urinary retention. There were no reoperations. In this single-institution experience hand-assisted laparoscopic elective colectomy for benign
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