References: Laxative
Am J Surg. 1998 Mar;175(3):209-12.
Effects of aging on the functional outcome of coloanal anastomosis with colonic J-pouch.
Dehni N, Schlegel D, Tiret E, Singland JD, Guiguet M, Parc R.
Department of Alimentary Tract Surgery, Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Saint Antoine, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris, France.
BACKGROUND: Many low rectal cancers can be treated radically by proctectomy with total mesorectal excision followed by colonic J-pouch anal anastomosis (CPAA). In elderly patients, the fear of poor function might reduce indications for CPAA in favor of abdomino-perineal excision with end stoma. METHODS: Among 198 patients with CPAA operated on for low rectal cancer between 1984 and 1992, 20 patients over 75 years old were alive without recurrence at the time of telephone interview (July 1995). Minimal follow-up was 3 years (mean 8) for all patients. Their functional results were compared with those of 37 younger patients operated consecutively during the last 5 years of the study period. RESULTS: The two groups were well matched for gender, tumor distance from the anal verge, histologic staging, and use of adjuvant radiotherapy. Follow-up was longer in the elderly group than in the young group (96 versus 63 months, respectively). The elderly group had a median of 1 bowel movement per day and the young group a median of 1.5 (P = 0.13). The presence of irregular intestinal transit was reported in 48% of the aged and in 35% of the young group (P = 0.6), but fragmented defecation was less frequent (25% versus 47%, respectively; P = 0.15). Urgency was noted, respectively, in 15% and 22% of elderly and young patients (P = 0.7) and constipation in 40% and 22% (P = 0.2). Incontinence for feces (15%) and for flatus (40%) in elderly were not significantly different from the younger group (14% and 46%, P = 1.0 and P = 0.8, respectively). Laxatives were used in 32% of elderly and 17% of young patients (P = 0.3). CONCLUSION: Functional outcome may be good to excellent in elderly p
Pediatr Surg Int. 1998 Mar;13(2-3):133-7.
Anorectal function and endopelvic dissection in patients with repaired imperforate anus.
Chen CC, Lin CL, Lu WT, Hsu WM, Chen JC.
Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Republic of China.
Fifty-eight patients with anorectal malformations were closely followed up for postoperative anorectal function. Constipation was noted shortly after anorectoplasty in 10 of 28 low anomalies (35.7%) treated with limited sagittal anorectoplasty (LSARP), in 18 of 25 high or intermediate anomalies (72.0%) treated with posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP), but in none of 5 high or intermediate anomalies treated with Rehbein's mucosa-stripping endorectal pull-through and anterior sagittal perineal anorectoplasty (R-ASAP). The constipation resolved mostly within 1-2 years after repair under conservative management, but persisted beyond 2 years after repair in 3/25 children with LSARP and 10/25 with PSARP. Anal soiling was noted in 1/23 (4.3%) LSARP and 6/22 (27.3%) PSARP patients, but normal anorectal function was attained in 20/23 LSARP (86.9%) and 11/12 PSARP patients (50.0%) by the time of toilet training. Manometric studies disclosed that the resting rectal pressure (RRP) was lower and the anorectal pressure gradient (ARPG) higher in the constipated than the non-constipated children, while the RRP was higher and the ARPG lower in the soiled than the non-soiled patients. The ARPG after R-ASPA was close to that of non-constipated and in between that of the constipated and soiled patients. The rectoanal sphincter inhibitory reflex was not related to defecation status or surgical procedures, but showed a tendency toward positive conversion with time or after exclusion of esctatic terminal bowel in the severely constipated. It is concluded that anorectal function in patients with repaired imperforate anus seems to be more affected by the extent of endopelvic dissection than by preservation of the terminal bowel or sphincter muscles.
Soc Sci Med. 1998 Apr;46(8):1011-6.
Which terminally ill cancer patients receive hospice in-patient care?
Addington-Hall J, Altmann D, McCarthy M.
Department of Palliative Care and Policy, King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rayne Institute, London, UK.
The objective of this study was to investigate which terminally ill cancer patients receive in-patient care in hospices and other specialist palliative care in-patient units. An interview survey was made of family or others who knew about the last year of life of a random sample of people who died in 1990. Twenty district health authorities from a range of inner city, outer urban and rural settings took part. Although self-selected, districts were nationally representative in terms of social characteristics and on many indicators of health service provision and usage. Interviews were obtained for 2074 cancer deaths out of a random sample of 2915, a 71% response rate. 342 had been admitted to a total of 31 different hospices. Using logistic regression analysis five factors were found to independently predict hospice in-patient care: having pain in the last year of life, having constipation, being dependent on others for help with activities of daily living for between one and six months before death, having breast cancer, and being under the age of 85 years. A third of patients with all five factors were admitted, compared with no patients with none of these factors. It was found that symptom severity, age, dependency level and site of cancer played a role in determining hospice admission but have limited predictive value. Admission seems to be governed more by chance than by need. Further research is needed to identify which patients benefit most from in-patient care in hospices and other specialist palliative care units as the present arrangements appear to be both inequitable and insupportable.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9579752&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing
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