laxative



References: Laxative







Dis Colon Rectum. 1997 Feb;40(2):190-6.
Biofeedback for intractable rectal pain: outcome and predictors of success.

Gilliland R, Heymen JS, Altomare DF, Vickers D, Wexner SD.

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Fort Lauderdale 33309, USA.

PURPOSE: A number of modalities have been used for the treatment of intractable rectal pain, with varying degrees of success. Electromyography (EMG)-based biofeedback therapy has been used in the treatment of this condition during the past six years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of 86 patients who completed at least one session of biofeedback for rectal pain between February 1989 and August 1995 were retrospectively reviewed. All sessions were one-hour outpatient encounters with a trained biofeedback therapist. There were 31 male and 55 female patients with a median age of 68 (range, 12-96) years. Surgery (19.8 percent) or stress (15.1 percent) were frequently cited as precipitating factors for the development of rectal pain. Eleven patients completed only one session of biofeedback and were excluded from further analysis. Of the remaining patients, 28 complained of concomitant constipation. Assessment of the benefit of therapy was based on the patients' subjective reports of the level of symptoms, aided by a linear analog scale. RESULTS: Twenty six patients (34.7 percent) reported an improvement in symptoms. Outcome was not influenced by patients' ages (P = 0.63), duration of symptoms (P = 1.0), or a prior history of surgery (P = 0.14). Alleviation of symptoms was not significantly related to the presence of paradoxical puborectalis contraction demonstrated on either EMG (P = 1) or defecography (P = 0.12). Importantly, outcome was significantly improved in patients who completed the treatment schedule compared with those who self-discharged (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Although idiopathic rectal pain is difficult to treat, EMG-based biofeedback can produce alleviation of symptoms. However, success depends on patients' wil



Dis Colon Rectum. 1997 Feb;40(2):229-33.
Re-examination of clinical manifestations and response to therapy of fissure-in-ano.

Hananel N, Gordon PH.

Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

PURPOSE: This study was designed to reassess clinical manifestations of fissure-in-ano, in particular, the frequency of constipation and rate of response to medical management. METHODS: Records of 876 patients with fissure-in-ano seen between February 1975 and December 1993 were reviewed. Information gathered included age, gender, site, symptoms, bowel habits, associated anorectal problems, response, failure, and recurrence rates. RESULTS: There were 439 women (51.1 percent) and 437 men (49.9 percent); mean age was 39.9 (range, 13.5-95) years. The fissure was located in the posterior mid line in 644 patients (73.5 percent), the anterior mid line in 144 patients (16.4 percent), both in 23 patients (2.6 percent), and only tenderness documented in 65 patients (7.4 percent). The fissure was located in the anterior midline in 12.6 percent of women and 7.7 percent of men. Dominant presenting symptoms included pain in 90.8 percent and bleeding in 71.4 percent of patients. Infrequent hard bowel movements (> or = 3 days) occurred in only 13.8 percent of patients. Mean follow-up was 26 (range, 0.5-215) months. A total of 44.7 percent of patients responded to nonoperative therapy, 60 percent of them in the first two months; of these, 18.6 percent developed recurrent symptoms. Of the latter group, 60 percent responded to further medical therapy, and 20 percent underwent a lateral internal sphincterotomy. Of the patients who initially did not respond to medical treatment (50.5 percent), lateral internal sphincterotomy was recommended. CONCLUSION: Anterior fissures are much more common in both men and women than previously reported, and constipation and hard bowel movement are not universally present in patients with fissure-in-ano.

Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9075762&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing



Dig Dis Sci. 1991 Jan;36(1):59-64.
Bowel dysfunction in fibromyalgia syndrome.

Triadafilopoulos G, Simms RW, Goldenberg DL.

Evans Memorial Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Fibromyalgia and irritable bowel syndrome frequently coexist. In this study, we utilized a previously validated self-administered questionnaire to assess the prevalence of symptoms of bowel dysfunction and irritable bowel syndrome in 123 patients with fibromyalgia as compared to 54 patients with degenerative joint disease (DJD) and 46 normal controls. Ninety (73%) of the fibromyalgia patients reported altered bowel function as compared to 20 (37%) DJD patients and none of the normal controls (P less than 0.001). Ninety-nine patients (81%) reported normal alternating with irregular bowel pattern, and 77 (63%) had alternating diarrhea and constipation. In contrast, only 24 (44%) of DJD patients and six (13%) of controls had regular alternating with irregular bowel pattern and only 12 (22%) of the DJD patients and none of the healthy controls had alternating constipation and diarrhea (P less than 0.01). Other bowel dysfunction complaints noted in the fibromyalgia group were abdominal gas (59%), nausea (21%), diarrhea (9%), and constipation (12%). Seventy-nine (64%) fibromyalgia patients reported frequent abdominal pain that was stress-related 47% of the time. Laxative use was frequent in the fibromyalgia group (19%) and absent in the other two groups. Fifty percent of fibromyalgia patients, compared to 28% of DJD patients, felt that their bowel complaints were worse during exacerbations of their joint disease (P less than 0.05). In conclusion, patients with fibromyalgia have a high prevalence of gastrointestinal complaints that should be carefully assessed. If the diagnosis of IBS is confirmed, appropriate treatment may improve patients' symptoms, although this approach requires further study.

Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1985007&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing



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