References: Laxative
Dis Colon Rectum. 1993 May;36(5):501-7.
Ripstein procedure is an effective treatment for rectal prolapse without constipation.
Tjandra JJ, Fazio VW, Church JM, Milsom JW, Oakley JR, Lavery IC.
Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195.
The operation of choice for complete rectal prolapse is controversial. We reviewed 169 patients undergoing 185 surgical procedures for rectal prolapse over a 27-year period. The most common surgical procedure employed was the Ripstein procedure (n = 142) and is the focus of this report. Other surgical procedures used included resection rectopexy (n = 18), anterior resection (n = 7), Altemeier's (n = 9), Delorme's (n = 2), and anal encirclement (n = 7). The median age was 59 years (range, 12-94 years), and the female-to-male ratio was 5:1. The incidence of fecal incontinence, solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, and prior surgery elsewhere for rectal prolapse was 40 percent, 12 percent, and 19 percent, respectively. Operative mortality was 0.6 percent; morbidity was 16 percent. Median follow-up was 4.2 years (range, 1-15 years). Complete recurrence of prolapse after the Ripstein procedure was 8 percent; one-third of these patients recurred 3 to 14 years after surgery. Fecal incontinence improved after the Ripstein procedure or resection rectopexy in about half the patients. Persistence of prior constipation was more common after the Ripstein procedure than after resection rectopexy (57 percent vs. 17 percent; P = 0.03, chi-squared). Fifteen patients developed constipation for the first time after the Ripstein procedure. About one in three patients, irrespective of surgical procedures, remained dissatisfied with the final outcome despite anatomic correction of the prolapse. The Ripstein procedure has proven to be a safe procedure with good anatomic repair of the prolapse and may improve continence. In the presence of constipation, procedures other than the Ripstein procedure may be preferable.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8482171&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative [PubMed - indexed fo
Braz J Med Biol Res. 2003 Jun;36(6):753-9. Epub 2003 Jun 03.
Dietary fiber, energy intake and nutritional status during the treatment of children with chronic constipation.
Speridiao PG, Tahan S, Fagundes-Neto U, Morais MB.
Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Nutricao, Departamento de Pediatria, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil.
The present prospective study was carried out to determine dietary fiber and energy intake and nutritional status of children during the treatment of chronic constipation. Twenty-five patients aged 2 to 12 years with chronic constipation were submitted to clinical evaluation, assessment of dietary patterns, and anthropometry before and after 45 and 90 days of treatment. The treatment of chronic constipation included rectal disimpaction, ingestion of mineral oil and diet therapy. The standardized diet prescribed consisted of regular food without a fiber supplement and met the nutrient requirements according to the recommended daily allowance. The fiber content was 9.0 to 11.9 g for patients aged less than 6 years and 12.0 to 18.0 g for patients older than 6 years. Sixteen patients completed the 90-day follow-up and all presented clinical improvement. The anthropometric variables did not change, except midarm circumference and triceps skinfold thickness which were significantly increased. Statistically significant increases were also found in percent calorie intake adequacy in terms of recommended daily allowance (55.5 to 76.5% on day 45 and to 68.5% on day 90; P = 0.047). Percent adequacy of minimum recommended daily intake of dietary fiber (age + 5 g) increased during treatment (from 46.8 to 52.8% on day 45 and to 56.3% on day 90; P = 0.009). Food and dietary fiber intake and triceps skinfold thickness increased during follow-up. We conclude that the therapeutic program provided a good clinical outcome.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12792705&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing
Dig Dis Sci. 1993 May;38(5):837-44.
Disturbed gastric and small bowel transit in severe idiopathic constipation.
van der Sijp JR, Kamm MA, Nightingale JM, Britton KE, Granowska M, Mather SJ, Akkermans LM, Lennard-Jones JE.
St. Mark's Hospital, London, UK.
Many patients with severe idiopathic constipation complain of upper gastrointestinal symptoms, and these often persist after subtotal colectomy. To determine if there is a disturbance of upper gastrointestinal motility in this condition, we have studied gastric emptying for solids (111In-containing pancake) and liquids (99mTc-containing orange juice) for a longer period after a meal (6 hr) than in previously reported gastric emptying studies. Small bowel transit for solids was also measured. All patients had emptied their colon the day before the study. Twelve women (mean age 36 years) with a bowel frequency of less than once per week, proven slow intestinal transit, and a normal diameter colon were studied. Twelve healthy controls (eight female and four male, mean age 33) were also studied. As a group the constipated patients demonstrated no statistically significant delay in emptying during the first 3 hr, although the emptying rate for three of 12 individuals fell outside the normal range. However, at 6 hr after ingestion of the meal, six of 10 patients had residual gastric contents greater than normal--up to 48% solid residue (median: 11% for patients and 0% for controls, P < 0.01) and 40% of liquid (median 9% vs 0%, P < 0.01). Three of four patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms 6 hr after the meal had gastric retention of solids markedly outside the normal range (48%, 32%, and 16%; normal < 4%). Small bowel transit time was assessed as the time for the solid phase to pass from the duodenum to the cecum; the constipated patients demonstrated delayed transit (median: 75 vs 55 min, P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8482182&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing
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