Laxative for constipation relief, colon cleansing and weight loss. Weight loss herbal formula. DHEA. Online Pharmacy for herbs and pharmaceuticals, antibiotics, tramadol

References: Laxative

Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1998 Sep;46(3):255-61.
Constipation as an adverse effect of drug use in nursing home patients: an overestimated risk.

van Dijk KN, de Vries CS, van den Berg PB, Dijkema AM, Brouwers JR, de Jong-van den Berg LT.

Department of Social Pharmacy and Pharmacoepidemiology, Groningen Institute for Drug Studies, University Centre for Pharmacy, The Netherlands.

AIMS: To investigate whether results from case control and cross sectional studies which suggest an association between laxative use and other drug use could be confirmed in a cohort study of nursing home patients. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of 2355 nursing home patients aged 65 years and over was performed to estimate the incidence relative risk of constipation associated with drug use. The study was conducted with prescription sequence analysis of each resident's detailed pharmacy records and data on morbidity and mobility. RESULTS: Use of drugs, which according to the summaries of product characteristics (SPC) and the literature on adverse drug effects have moderately to strongly constipating properties, was associated with a relative risk of 1.59 (95% CI 1.24-2.04) for the occurrence of constipation during exposure time. Use of drugs with mildly to moderately constipating effects was not associated with laxative use (RR 1.13; 95% CI 0.93-1.38). Stratification on the level of age, gender, type of nursing (psychogeriatric or somatic), morbidity, number of medications taken and mobility showed no confounding effects of these variables on outcome measurements. These variables all acted as effect modifiers. Effect of age and number of medications taken on the relative risk was nonlinear. CONCLUSIONS: Although an association between drugs that exhibit moderately to strongly constipating effects and occurrence of constipation was found, the risk was not as high as seen in previous studies. The high prevalence of constipation in nursing home patients is only partly due to adverse drug effects.

Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9764967&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative [PubMed

Am J Gastroenterol. 1998 Oct;93(10):1867-72.
The menstrual cycle and its effect on inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome: a prevalence study.

Kane SV, Sable K, Hanauer SB.

Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.

OBJECTIVE: Female patients with bowel disease commonly report worsening symptoms in relation to the menstrual cycle. Our aim was to determine the nature of gastrointestinal symptoms correlating with the menstrual cycle in women with inflammatory and irritable bowel disease. METHODS: This was a retrospective study involving 49 women with ulcerative colitis (UC), 49 women with Crohn's disease (CD), 46 women with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and 90 healthy community controls. Participants were interviewed using a questionnaire including information regarding general health, medication history, pregnancy, as well as premenstrual and menstrual symptoms. Chi2 testing and logistic regression modeling were used to test for differences in frequencies between groups and for risk analysis. RESULTS: Premenstrual symptoms were reported by 93% of all women but statistically more often by patients with CD (p < 0.01). CD patients were also more likely to report increased gastrointestinal symptoms during menstruation ( < 0.01), diarrhea being the symptom reported most often. All disease groups had a cyclical pattern to their bowel habits significantly more than controls (p=0.01). Cyclical symptoms included diarrhea, abdominal pain, and constipation. Logistic regression revealed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.1 (95% CI 0.9-1.2) for experiencing bowel symptoms during the premenstrual and menstrual phases and an OR of 2.0 (95% CI 1.2-3.2) for experiencing a cyclical pattern in bowel habit changes in women with bowel disease. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of menstrually related symptoms is high, and appears to affect bowel patterns. The physiological and clinical effects of the menstrual cycle should be taken into consideration when assessing for disease activity.

Z Gastroenterol. 1998 Sep;36(9):811-7.
Physiological correlates of colonic motility in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Bassotti G, Crowell MD, Cheskin LJ, Chami TN, Schuster MM, Whitehead WE.

UNC Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Center, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.

Irritable bowel syndrome is frequently encountered in clinical practice, and it has been repeatedly suggested that abnormal colonic motor activity is one of the major pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the origin of symptoms in such disorder. If this statement is true, then high-amplitude propagated colonic contractions (HAPCs), i.e. the mass movements, may play an important role. To test this hypothesis, we conducted an investigation by recording colonic motility for a prolonged (24 h) period in 25 patients with irritable bowel syndrome and in 18 healthy volunteers, to compare the number of mass movements over 24 h in patients (constipation-predominant, alternating bowel habits) and controls. The overall amount of motility was also assessed in twelve patients and 13 controls. We also looked for the possible changes in mass movements and motility which may occur with defecation and after a meal. The results showed that 1) with respect to HAPCs and motility index, neither group was significantly different from controls; 2) HAPCs and the motility index were significantly reduced during sleep in all groups tested; 3) HAPCs were significantly more common before as compared to after defecation and after as compared to before meals; 4) HAPCs are not independent from the segmental contractile activity; 5) the motility index/24 h was lower in the constipation-predominant group of patients with respect to controls. We conclude that in patients with irritable bowel syndrome colonic motility per se may play a pathophysiological role in the genesis of the symptoms, although other mechanisms are likely to concur, or to be responsible for the complaints o

Laxative and constipation online literature || Constipation and laxative online literature || Colon cleansing online literature

Buy Rx Online || Antibiotics || Stop hair loss, stimulate hair growth || Buy Tramadol || herbal laxative || Insurance policies: life insurance, health insurance, home insurance, automobile insurance ||