laxative



References: Laxative




erasmusmc.nl

In the last decade, computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) colonography, two new cross-sectional techniques for imaging of the colon, emerged. Both techniques show promising initial results in the detection of polyps equal to or greater than 1 cm in diameter in symptomatic patients. Imaging protocols are still mostly under development and prone to change. Both CT and MR colonography generate a large number of source images, which have to be read carefully for filling defects and, if intravenous contrast material is used, enhancing lesions. An important postprocessing technique is multiplanar reformatting, which allows the viewer to see potential lesions in an orientation other than that of the source images. Virtual endoscopy, a volume rendering technique that generates images from within the colon lumen, is used for problem solving. CT and MR colonography have potential advantages over colonoscopy and double-contrast barium enema examination: multiplanar capabilities, detection of enhancing lesions that make the distinction between fecal residue and true lesion possible, and ante- and retrograde virtual colonoscopy. Currently, a number of studies suggest that patients have a preference for CT colonography over colonoscopy. Patients consider bowel cleansing the most uncomfortable part of any colon examination; hence, from the acceptance point of view, fecal tagging techniques are promising. Before CT and MR colonography can be implemented in daily practice, they must show approximately the same accuracy as colonoscopy for polyp detection in both symptomatic and screening patients. Copyright RSNA, 2003

Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14527992&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing [PubMed - in process]<




Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2003 Sep;55(2-3):213-20.
The effects of sodium phosphate and polyethylene glycol-electrolyte bowel preparation solutions on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis in the rat.

Erdogan B, Isiksoy S, Dundar E, Pasaoglu O, Bal C.

Department of Pathology, Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey.

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of sodium phosphate (NaP) and polyethylene glycol-electrolyte (PEG-EL) colon cleansing solutions on histopathology of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) and ethanol (E)-induced colitis in the rat and normal rat colon. The presence of hyperemia, inflammation and ulcer was evaluated to score of macroscopic morphologic damage. The microscopic criteria including ulceration, mucus cell depletion, crypt abscesses, inflammatory cysts, mucosal atrophy, edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and vascular dilatation were evaluated to determine the extent of inflammatory reaction. Colitis findings were determined on the rats which were administered TNBS-E. Aphthoid lesions were seen 30% and 20 % of rats, respectively, by NaP and PEG-EL solutions in healthy group. Microscopic examination of aphthoid lesions revealed edema within the lamina propria and lymphoid hyperplasia in the mucosa and submucosa without erosion, ulceration and inflammatory cell infiltration. No significant difference was statistically found either macroscopically or microscopically in terms of the effects of saline, NaP and PEG-EL solutions in healthy rats and rats with colitis (p > .05). Under the present conditions, we concluded administration of NaP and PEG-EL solutions did not cause evident morphological changes on the rectal mucosa macroscopically and microscopically, although in a proportion of rats aphthoid lesions seem as a marker of mucosal damage macroscopically.

Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14620544&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing [PubMed - in process]




Radiology. 1993 Apr;187(1):109-12.
Cleansing enema prior to double-contrast barium enema examination: is it necessary?

Hageman MJ, Goei R.

Department of Radiology, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.

In a prospective study, 443 patients referred for double-contrast barium enema examination were allocated to one of four regimens consisting of either 24 or 48 hours of clear liquids in combination with a cathartic laxative (magnesium sulfate), an irritant laxative (bisacodyl), and hydration. One regimen from each time group included a preliminary cleansing enema. Significantly higher bowel cleanliness scores were given to the 48-hour regimen with no cleansing enema (P < .0002). Scores for overall quality of the barium enema examination (based on detectability of a 1-cm lesion) showed no significant differences between a 24- and a 48-hour regimen, with or without a cleansing enema. No differences emerged in patient acceptance of the regimens, and 54%-57% of patients had no complaints about the preparation. The authors recommend a 48-hour preparation to minimize the risk of interfering fecal material, especially in subjects with colonic dysmotility. A time-consuming cleansing enema can be omitted.

Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8451396&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing



Laxative and constipation online literature || Constipation and laxative online literature || Colon cleansing online literature





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