References: Laxative
Gut. 1995 Nov;37(5):649-53.
Motor activity recorded in the unprepared colon of healthy humans.
Lemann M, Flourie B, Picon L, Coffin B, Jian R, Rambaud JC.
Service de Gastroenterlogie, INSERUM U290, Hopital Saint-Lazare, Paris, France.
A manometric method was developed to study the motor activity in the unprepared human colon, and the results in eight healthy subjects were compared with those obtained in the same subjects after bowel cleansing with a non-absorbable solution containing polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG). A tube assembly (4.5 m long, 12 lumen) was introduced through the nose and passed through the gastrointestinal tract. Two manometric recordings were performed one month apart, one without any preparation and the other after bowel cleansing with PEG. There was no obvious qualitative difference between the recordings performed in the uncleansed and PEG cleansed colon. Moreover, in the unprepared colon motility indices were close to those measured in the cleansed colon. The number of high amplitude propagated contractions (mean (SEM)) was, however, higher in the cleansed colon (8.6 (2.8) v 5.4 (1.8)/subject/9 h in the unprepared colon; p < 0.04). It is concluded that in healthy subjects taking a regular diet, motor activity is not different between the uncleansed and cleansed colon with PEG, except for the high amplitude propagated contractions, which occur more frequently in the cleansed colon.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8549940&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing
clio.rad.sunysb.edu
An automatic method has been developed for segmentation of abdominal computed tomography (CT) images for virtual colonoscopy obtained after a bowel preparation of a low-residue diet with ingested contrast solutions to enhance the image intensities of residual colonic materials. Removal of the enhanced materials was performed electronically by a computer algorithm. The method is a multistage approach that employs a modified self-adaptive on-line vector quantization technique for a low-level image classification and utilizes a region-growing strategy for a high-level feature extraction. The low-level classification labels each voxel based on statistical analysis of its three-dimensional intensity vectors consisting of nearby voxels. The high-level processing extracts the labeled stool, fluid and air voxels within the colon, and eliminates bone and lung voxels which have similar image intensities as the enhanced materials and air, but are physically separated from the colon. This method was evaluated by volunteer studies based on both objective and subjective criteria. The validation demonstrated that the method has a high reproducibility and repeatability and a small error due to partial volume effect. As a result of this electronic colon cleansing, routine physical bowel cleansing prior to virtual colonoscopy may not be necessary.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11212370&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing
Chirurg. 1995 Dec;66(12):1277-9.
[Pump-assisted intraoperative colon lavage]
[Article in German]
Krawzak HW, Scherf FG, Hohlbach G.
Chirurgische Klinik, Ruhr-Universitat Bochum im Marienhospital Herne.
We report about a time saving method of on-table lavage of the colon. For irrigation a balloon-catheter is inserted into the colon through a small caecotomy. This catheter is connected to an irrigation pump which we usually use for abdominal lavage in peritonitis. After mobilisation the oral end of the later colonic anastomosis is led over the lateral abdominal wall into a plastic tube. Now a continuous irrigation with a controlled flow-rate of 1 l/min is achieved with the aid of the lavage pump. As irrigation liquid we use Ringer's solution. Pressure is limited by an overflow mechanism. In addition after rearrangement the high irrigation flow of the system allows a thorough cleansing of the rectal stump. Between 1992 and 1995 we carried out intra-operative colonic irrigation using the method set out above in 24 patients. The average volume was 8.9 l of Ringer's solution. The irrigation itself lengthened the operation time by an average of 10 min.
Laxative online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8582177&dopt=Abstract constipation laxative colon cleansing
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