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Lutein |
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References online: Lutein
Lutein and Eye Nutrition Center: Home|
Lutein and Eye Nutrition Center: What is Lutein ?|
Lutein and Eye Nutrition Center: What does Lutein do for us ?|
Lutein and Eye Nutrition Center: Are we taking enough lutein ?|
Lutein and Eye Nutrition Center: Are there other eye nutritions than Lutein ?|
Lutein and Eye Nutrition Center: Research Reports: Role of Carotenoids|
Lutein and Eye Nutrition Center: Research Reports: Serum lutein and carotenoid level in response to taking dietary carotenoids|
Lutein and Eye Nutrition Center: Research Reports: Lutein and Lung Function|
Lutein and Eye Nutrition Center: Research Reports: Lutein and Congestive Heart Failure|
Lutein and Eye Nutrition Center: Research Reports: Lutein, Lycopene, and Prostate Cancer|
Lutein and Eye Nutrition Center: Research Reports: Lutein, carotenoids, and breast cancer|
Lutein and Skin Cancer|
Lutein: General Information Page|
Lutein and Age-related Macular Degeneration|
Lutein improves visual function in age-related cataracts patients|
Lutein may be a nutritional factor for protecting lens in age-related cataracts patients|
Intakes of antioxidants in coffee, wine, and vegetables are correlated with plasma carotenoids in humans.|
Plasma Antioxidant Status, Immunoglobulin G Oxidation and Lipid Peroxidation in Demented Patients: Relevance to Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Dementia.|
Photo-oxidative stress in a xanthophyll-deficient mutant of Chlamydomonas.|
Application of tristimulus colorimetry to estimate the carotenoids content in ultrafrozen orange juices.|
Macular pigment: quantitative analysis on autofluorescence images.|
QTL and candidate genes phytoene synthase and zeta-carotene desaturase associated with the accumulation of carotenoids in maize.|
Thermal processing of vegetables increases cis isomers of lutein and zeaxanthin.|
Serum vitamins and the subsequent risk of bladder cancer.|
The relationship between dietary carotenoids and prostate cancer risk in Southeast Chinese men.|
Macular pigments: their characteristics and putative role.|
The effect of an acute phase response on tissue carotenoid levels of growing chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).|
Resonance Raman measurement of macular carotenoids in retinal, choroidal, and macular dystrophies.|
Assessment of carotenoid bioavailability of whole foods using a Caco-2 cell culture model coupled with an in vitro digestion.|
Lutein, zeaxanthin, macular pigment, and visual function in adult cystic fibrosis patients.|
Serum Carotenoid and Retinol Levels during Childhood Infections.|
Chlorophyll, carotenoids and the activity of the xanthophyll cycle.|
De-epoxidation of violaxanthin in light-harvesting complex I proteins.|
Carotenogenesis during tuber development and storage in potato.
rics.bwh.harvard.edu
BACKGROUND: Metabolism of many of the most commonly consumed carbohydrates in the United States results in a high plasma glucose response, which can be quantified by the glycemic load. Although hyperglycemia is a risk factor for cataract, there is no information on the potential effect of a high dietary glycemic load on the incidence of age-related cataract. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to prospectively examine the association between dietary glycemic load and incident age-related cataract. DESIGN: We studied 2 cohorts-71 919 women and 39 926 men-aged > or =45 y who had no previous diagnosis of cataract, diabetes mellitus, or cancer and who were followed for 14 and 12 y, respectively, for the occurrence of cataract extraction. We calculated dietary glycemic load from data reported on multiple validated food-frequency questionnaires and used pooled logistic regression models to estimate the association with incident cataract extraction. We performed analyses separately for each cohort and then calculated pooled estimates across cohorts. RESULTS: During 980 683 person-years of follow-up, we confirmed 4865 incident age-related cataract extractions. After adjustment for age, cigarette smoking, body mass index, total caloric intake, dietary intake of lutein and zeaxanthin, and alcohol consumption, there was no significant relation of dietary glycemic load to risk of cataract extraction (P for trend = 0.10). The pooled relative risk between the highest and lowest quintiles of dietary glycemic load was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.81, 1.11; P for heterogeneity by cohort = 0.1). CONCLUSION: These prospective epidemiologic data do not support the hypothesis that a high dietary glycemic load, primarily a result of consumption of refined carbohydrates, increases the risk of cataract extraction.
lutein online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15277175&dopt=Abstract lutein
umail.umd.edu
OBJECTIVE: To examine dietary quality and nutrient intakes of participants wearing dentures with and without poor fit as determined by questionnaire and dental exam. DESIGN: Nutrient intakes, Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score, and serum nutrient values were examined among individuals wearing either adequate- or poor-fitting dentures and individuals who had at least 18 teeth. SUBJECTS/SETTING: Data was collected from 4,820 participants in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ages 50 years and older with at least 18 teeth (n=3,207) or those wearing dentures (n=1,613), who responded to a questionnaire about denture fit and had their dentures evaluated by a dentist. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Analysis of covariance and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to examine associations between individuals fully dentate, wearing good-or ill-fitting dentures, and nutritional status indicators. RESULTS: The group with self-perceived ill-fitting dentures compared with the group with natural teeth had significantly lower total HEI (66.5 vs 68.5 P<.002), vegetables (6.3 vs 6.8 P<.01), and variety scores (7.8 vs 8.2 P<.02); lower ascorbic acid (P<.009) and carotene intakes (P<.004). The group with self-perceived good-fitting dentures did not differ significantly from the dentate group. However, both groups wearing dentures had significantly lower serum levels of vitamins C and E, beta carotene, folate, lutein, and lycopene/zeaxanthin compared with the dentate group. APPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS: Dietary quality and intake of certain nutrients was poorer among the group with self-perceived ill-fitting dentures than among those wearing adequate dentures or those with natural teeth. Administering a simple questionnaire to patients about their perceptions of denture fit may be useful in identifying denture wearers at increased risk of dietary inadequacy.
lutein online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14576715&dopt=Abstract lutein
mail.nih.gov
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationship between pretrial serum concentrations of retinol, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, and lutein/zeaxanthin and the subsequent risk of developing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric cardia or non-cardia adenocarcinoma in subjects selected from a randomized nutritional intervention trial in Linxian, China, a region with epidemic rates of esophageal and gastric cardia cancer. METHODS: We used a stratified case-cohort design to select cohort members for inclusion in this study. In all we measured serum concentrations of the above vitamins in 590 esophageal, 395 gastric cardia, and 87 gastric non-cardia case subjects as well as in 1053 control subjects. Relative risks (RRs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Median values in our cohort were low for serum retinol (33.6 microg/dl), beta-carotene (4.3 microg/dl), and beta-cryptoxanthin (3.5 microg/dl), but were high for lutein/zeaxanthin (40.0 microg/dl). Gastric cardia cancer incidence fell 10% for each quartile increase in serum retinol (RR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.83-0.99). For esophageal cancer, an inverse association with retinol levels was found only in male non-smokers (RR = 0.79 per quartile increase, 95% CI = 0.63-0.99). For gastric non-cardia cancer, an inverse association was limited to subjects 50 years old or younger (RR = 0.58 per quartile, 95% CI = 0.31-0.96). For beta-cryptoxanthin there was a borderline significant protective association for gastric non-cardia cancer (RR = 0.88 per quartile, 95% CI = 0.76-1.0). In contrast, we found the incidence of gastric non-cardia cancer increased (RR = 1.2 per quartile, 95% CI = 1.0-1.3) with increasing concentration of serum lutein/zeaxanthin. CONCLUSIONS: In this population, we found that low retinol and high lutein/zeaxanthin concentrations increased the risks of gastric cardia and gastric non-cardia cancer respectively. We found that there were no strong associations between any of the other analytes and any of the cancer sites.
lutein online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14575362&dopt=Abstract lutein
Theor Appl Genet. 2004 Jan;108(2):349-59. Epub 2003 Oct 02.
QTL and candidate genes phytoene synthase and zeta-carotene desaturase associated with the accumulation of carotenoids in maize.
Wong JC, Lambert RJ, Wurtzel ET, Rocheford TR.
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Carotenoids are a class of fat-soluble antioxidant vitamin compounds present in maize ( Zea mays L.) that may provide health benefits to animals or humans. Four carotenoid compounds are predominant in maize grain: beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, and lutein. Although beta-carotene has the highest pro-vitamin A activity, it is present in a relatively low concentration in maize kernels. We set out to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting carotenoid accumulation in maize kernels. Two sets of segregating families were evaluated-a set of F2:3 lines derived from a cross of W64a x A632, and their testcross progeny with AE335. Molecular markers were evaluated on the F2:3 lines and a genetic linkage map created. High-performance liquid chromatography was performed to measure beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, and lutein on both sets of materials. Composite interval mapping identified chromosome regions with QTL for one or more individual carotenoids in the per se and testcross progenies. Notably QTL in the per se population map to regions with candidate genes, yellow 1 and viviparous 9, which may be responsible for quantitative variation in carotenoids. The yellow 1 gene maps to chromosome six and is associated with phytoene synthase, the enzyme catalyzing the first dedicated step in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. The viviparous 9 gene maps to chromosome seven and is associated with zeta-carotene desaturase, an enzyme catalyzing an early step in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. If the QTL identified in this study are confirmed, particularly those associated with candidates genes, they could be used in an efficient marker-assisted selection program to facilitate increasing levels of carotenoids in maize grain.
lutein online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14523521&dopt=Abstract lutein
The most ostensive feature that distinguishes us human from chimps and other primates is the lack of bodily hair. During evolutionary process, we have lost the majority of hair. Hair is no longer an essential part of our body, just like appendix. What little hair we still have on our scalp and a few other bodily parts is still regarded as significant for reasons other than biological necessity. Hair loss is naturally accompanied by aging process, although the extent of hair loss and the timing of onset vary widely among individuals. Thus, loss of hair and baldness is considered as a symbol of maturity or old age. Like winkles and other signs of aging, hair loss is not welcome by most people, because we don't welcome signs of aging, and being perceived as an aging person. However, it is alopecia, or premature hair loss that especially concerns certain people.
While the hair loss and resulting baldness in general have not been proven to be related to underlying health problems, there are certain correlations between hair loss and health problems. For instance, premature hair loss could suggest premature aging or nutritional and hormonal imbalances, stressful life, use of drugs that cause hair loss as a side effect, skin disease, or heart disease. The balding appearance could also impart a subdued impression of integrity in bodily health and youthfulness. Fortunately, in many cases, hair loss is reversible by change in lifestyle and/or nutritional supplementation. Herbal hair growth formula and other nutritional supplements have been shown to be effective in warding off hair loss and resuming hair growth. Certain prescription drugs such as Propecia may also reverse hair loss by blocking the formation of DHT, a hormonal byproduct produced inceasingly as a person age.
Hair Million is a blend of Asian herbs that wards off hair loss and promotes hair growth. Of various approaches to hair restoration, Hair Million offers advantages including low cost compared with other methods or drugs, and safety, because it is made of safe and healthy herbs.
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