skin-care-5.matches: skin care
A review of long-bone fractures in patients with spinal cord injuries.

Nottage WM.

In a retrospective investigation of 38 long-bone fractures in 30 spinal cord injured patients (mean follow-up, 22 months), fractures were classified acute (occurring at the time of spinal cord injury) or pathologic (occurring in the chronically injured patient). The methods of treatment and complications were recorded and evaluated. The incidence of long-bone fractures was 6.7%. Complication rates were high, ranging from 20% to 40%, with open or closed treatment of extremity fractures. Strict adherence to established operative fracture management principles in paraplegic patients irrespective of the level of neurologic deficit. Extremity fractures treated by nonoperative splinting and skin care healed well even in patients with long-standing paraplegia. Hip fractures were usually openly reduced internally fixed to improve sitting balance. The question of absolute benefit from early long-bone stabilization in the spinal cord injured patient remains unanswered.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7226633&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine skin-care-5.matches: skin care
Follow-up care of the spinal cord injury patient.

Stanley WG.

Follow-up care of the spinal cord injury patient is often inadequate after discharge from the rehabilitation center. The family physician must pay particular attention to the genitourinary and respiratory systems; autonomic dysfunction, including temperature variation; skin care; contractures and spasticity; the prevention of thromboembolic disease, and nutritional intake. continuing psychosocial support is mandatory, as well as conservative management of pain. The prognosis for a full, rewarding life is becoming a reality.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7271919&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine skin-care-5.matches: skin care
Adjuncts to face lifting procedures.

Cook TA, Musgrave-Zwetsch J.

The face lift alone is seldom adequate treatment for the aging face. Rhinoplasty, brow lift, and blepharoplasty frequently are done to enhance the effect of the face lift itself. Other procedures must be considered for treatment of specific areas of the face. A presentation of the authors' techniques for dealing with these areas is given. A general presentation of make-up techniques and overall skin care is included as a guideline for the staff of the surgeon dealing with the aging face. Proper make-up, hair styling, and skin care can greatly aid the patient in enhancing her self-image.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7393575&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine skin-care-5.matches: skin care
Ostomy skin care.

Rothstein MS.

Ostomates, patient with surgical openings to their gastrointestinal or urinary tracts, are increasing in number. They require special consideration to skin care at the surgical site, beginning in the preoperative period. Physicians should understand the special appliances that ostomates must wear and should also be aware of the methods for prevention and care of skin problems associated with these patients.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7408541&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine skin-care-5.matches: skin care
Hydrolysis of RRR-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E acetate) in the skin and its UV protecting activity (an in vivo study with the rat).

Beijersbergen van Henegouwen GM, Junginger HE, de Vries H.

Department of Medicinal Photochemistry, Leiden/Amsterdam Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Netherlands.

Vitamin E acetate is often used rather than vitamin E as an ingredient of skin care products and dermatological preparations, because it lacks the free phenolic OH group. However, because of this the acetate as such is biologically inactive. In spite of this intrinsic inactivity, the skin is protected against the harmful effects of sunlight after topical application of vitamin E acetate. Therefore it is supposed that hydrolysis takes place in the skin and that the reaction product, the radical scavenger vitamin E, is responsible for the protection observed. In this in vivo study with the rat, we have investigated the hydrolysis of RRR-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E acetate) in the epidermis in relation to UV radiation protection. (As a measure of protection, we used the UV-induced binding of 8-methoxypsoralen to epidermal biomacromolecules.) After a period of 5 h from a single application of vitamin E acetate, hydrolysis into free vitamin E was not observed. No protection was found at this time point, corresponding with the absence of vitamin E. After treatment for 5 days, consisting of one topical application daily, the percentage of acetate present in the stratum corneum which was hydrolysed into free vitamin E was less than 1%, whereas the corresponding value for the viable layer of the epidermis was about 5%. The hydrolysis of vitamin E acetate in the epidermis proceeded very slowly. As a result, the absolute amount of free vitamin E, found in the total epidermis after treatment for 5 days with the acetate, was only a few times higher than the normal level. Yet, this very small amount of free vitamin E proved to be sufficient for maximal protection in this animal model. The results show that vitamin E acetate acts as a prodrug, which very slowly releases minute amounts of active vitamin E.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7472802&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine skin-care-5.matches: skin care
Topical iodine and neonatal hypothyroidism.

Gordon CM, Rowitch DH, Mitchell ML, Kohane IS.

Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether skin care practices with iodine-containing disinfectants are putting patients in the neonatal intensive care unit at risk for primary hypothyroidism. Cutaneous exposure to povidone-iodine antiseptic solutions may be a cause of primary hypothyroidism in neonates. DESIGN: Prospective pilot study. SETTING: Level III neonatal intensive care unit of a university-affiliated hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Sequential sample of 47 medial and surgical patients admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit who received cutaneous povidone-iodine applications in preparation for invasive or surgical procedures. METHODS: Seven to 10 days after iodine exposure, capillary blood samples were obtained on filter paper blots for thyroid function testing and urine samples were collected to determine quantitative iodine concentrations. A plasma creatinine level was determined for each subject. RESULTS: A total of 47 patients were enrolled. The gestational ages of subjects ranged from 26 to 41 weeks (mean, 33.6 weeks); the male-to-female ratio was 28:19; and the birth weights ranged from 0.7 to 5.1 kg(mean, 2.42 kg). The thyroxine level ranged from 20 to 187 nmol/L (1.6 to 14.6 micrograms/dL) (mean, 102 nmol/L [7.9 micrograms/dL];reference, > or = 90 nmol/L [> or = 7 micrograms/dL]; and the thyrotropin level ranged from 0.1 to 16.5 mU/L (mean, 6.4 mU/L; reference, < 20 mU/L). The mean uridine iodine concentration was 2798.0 micrograms/dL (reference, < 40 micrograms/dL), and the mean plasma creatinine level was 60 mumol/L (0.69 mg/dL) (reference, < or = 50 mumol/L [ < or = 0.6 mg/dL] for males and < or = 40 mumol/L [ < or = 0.5 mg/dL] for females). CONCLUSIONS: There was no documentation of primary hypothyroidism in our subjects despite elevated urine iodine levels. While it is still possible that patients who receive long-term iodine exposure in other settings (eg, cardiac catheterization) are at risk for primary hypothyroidism, our study suggests that the amount of iodine absorbed through routine neonatal intensive care unit procedures does not substantially alter thyroid function during the first 10 days of life. An important confounding variable is that seven patients were receiving dopamine hydrochloride infusions and four were receiving dexamethasone phosphate at the time of sample collection. We therefore cannot rule out the possibility that these medications masked a thyrotropin level elevation that would have occurred in a primary hypothyroid state. We discuss implications for the interpretation of the results of neonatal thyroid function tests.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7489070&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine skin-care-1.matches: skin care
Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome.

Rosenberg BE.

A 63-year-old man presented with erythroderma, peripheral blood eosinophilia, elevated serum IgE levels, and a history of dermatitis, furunculosis, and a cold abscess. Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome is a rare, multisystem disorder that is characterized by cutaneous and sinopulmonary infections, dermatitis, and elevated serum IgE levels. Traditional therapy includes good skin care, antibiotics for skin and pulmonary infections, incision and drainage of abscesses, and emollients plus topical glucocorticoids for dermatitis.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15748574&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine