skin-care-4.matches: skin care
Initial experiences with telerehabilitation and contingency management programs for the prevention and management of pressure ulceration in patients with spinal cord injuries.

Mathewson C, Adkins VK, Jones ML.

Shepherd Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Two alternative treatment methods for preventive interventions for pressure ulcers, tele-rehabilitation and contingency management, are discussed. Telerehabilitation uses a videophone that transmits both audio and still images over a telephone line. Using this technology, the WOC nurse can interview a patient who cannot be present at a clinic because of physical condition or distance. Telerehabilitation allows the nurse to assess a patient's pressure ulcer, consult with appropriate caregivers, and make recommendations for treatment. Contingency management procedures are designed for patients with high rates of noncompliance in skin care. The patients are seen as outpatients and are compensated systematically for appropriate skin care (ie, the lack of pressure ulcers). Examples of each of these patient interventions is described, discussed, and contrasted.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10999965&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine skin-care-4.matches: skin care
Skin care and the topical treatment of aging skin.

Friedland JA, Buchel EW.

Department of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Medical School, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.

The desire to maintain or regain a youthful appearance is the main motivation of patients who present themselves to the aesthetic plastic surgeon's office. It has become imperative for the plastic surgeon to know and understand the causes of aging and skin damage and to provide ancillary nonsurgical treatments through which their patients can achieve rejuvenation.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11039885&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine skin-care-4.matches: skin care
Meeting patients' skin care needs: harnessing nursing expertise at an international level.

Ersser SJ, Penzer R.

International Skin Care Nursing Working Group, School of Nursing & Midwifery, University of Southampton, UK. sje1 soton.ac.uk

Skin disease is highly prevalent, particularly in the developing world. This can result in skin failure which in turn may have a major social and economic impact on individuals and communities (Finlay & Ryan 1996). The significant lack of dermatologists worldwide, most of whom are based in hospitals, means that expertise in skin care cannot always be delivered to those who need it. This paper advances the argument that a care delivery model is needed which provides skin care focused at a primary care level throughout the nursing service, drawing on specialists who are often based in the secondary health care facilities. This can only be achieved through adopting a strategic approach which identifies the training needs of such professionals, harnesses the appropriate expertise, shares good practice, and operates in close conjunction with dermatologists. This paper outlines how this vision can be put into operation, by outlining the strategic international development work being undertaken by nurses and the efforts to promote inter-professional collaboration.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11043486&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine skin-care-1.matches: skin care
[A clinical analysis of 50 cases of medicament-like dermatitis due to trichloroethylene]

[Article in Chinese]

Xia LH, Huang HL, Kuang SR, Liu HF, Kong LZ.

Guangdong Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Guangzhou 510300, China.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical manifestations, complications and treatment of medicament-like dermatitis due to trichloroethylene (TCE), so as to provide basis for studying its etiology and mechanism. METHODS: Fifty patients with dermatitis due to TCE from 1997 to 2000 were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: The occurrence of the dermatitis was not parallel to TCE exposure levels, without significant dose-effect relationship. This disease could be caused by both inhalation and skin exposure. The latency period of TCE dermatitis ranged from 5 to 66 days, and the average was 31.5 d (Medium). The major clinical manifestations included skin lesions, fever, superficial lymph node swelling and liver dysfunction. Infection was the major complication. Glucocorticoid was effective for treatment of this disease. CONCLUSION: The clinical manifestations due to TCE exposure were similar to dermatitis medicamentosa. The major clinical types of TCE dermatitis included exfoliative dermatitis and erythema multiforme. The dermatitis is considered to be mediated by delayed-type (IV) hypersensitivity. The key factors to treat this disease successfully included the use of glucocorticoid in time with sufficient dose and full course, professional skin care, active treatment to protect the liver and to avoid infection.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15256158&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine skin-care-4.matches: skin care
Lymphedema.

Rockson SG.

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Aggressively applied decongestive measures (eg, manual lymphatic drainage, low-stretch bandaging, exercise, skin care, application of compressive elastic garments) are the mainstay of lymphatic therapy. Therapeutic regimens should differentiate between the goals of acute volume reduction and the maintenance of limb volume. Elastic garments should not be employed until maximal volume reduction has been attained through decongestive lymphatic techniques. It is my opinion that use of intermittent pneumatic compression devices can play an important adjunctive role to decongestive lymphatic therapy but should not be substituted for these techniques. At this time, I am not inclined to use pharmacologic therapy in these patients but anxiously await the results of studies that might demonstrate efficacy for molecular approaches. Surgical intervention is reserved for a small number of well-selected patients. Liposuction for volume reduction appears to be a very promising approach for specific patients.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11096529&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine skin-care-4.matches: skin care
Contact Allergen Avoidance Program: a topical skin care product database.

Yiannias JA, el-Azhary RA.

Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA.

Management of allergic contact dermatitis can be challenging for patients because of difficulties they encounter while attempting to avoid antigens identified by patch tests. The disorder is commonly caused by fragrances, preservatives, or other ingredients found in skin care products. After patch testing, the clinician routinely educates the patient on the sources of the antigens to which he or she is sensitive. Because typical allergen names are long, are difficult to spell, commonly have numerous complex synonyms, and are often frankly intimidating for patients, compliance with allergen avoidance is frequently problematic. We have developed a Contact Allergen Avoidance Program database tool that generates an extensive list of skin care products that are free of the given patient's allergens. It has been used clinically for 2 years to facilitate successful antigen avoidance and has been positively received by both patients and clinicians. Copyright 2000 by W.B. Saunders Company

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11123418&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine skin-care-4.matches: skin care
Prevention of the photodamage in the hairless mouse dorsal skin by kojic acid as an iron chelator.

Mitani H, Koshiishi I, Sumita T, Imanari T.

Sansho Seiyaku Co., Fukuoka, Japan.

Kojic acid, a fungal metabolic product, has been used as a skin-depigmenting agent in skin care products marketed in Japan. Iron in the skin is known to be involved in wrinkling as a result of chronic photodamage. Kojic acid was expected to have anti-wrinkling activity, since it possesses iron-chelating activity. We now evaluated the anti-wrinkling activity of kojic acid by using hairless mice exposed to chronic solar-simulating ultraviolet (UV) irradiation as model animal. At the end of a 20-week irradiation period, topical application of kojic acid before UV irradiation was observed to dramatically prevent: (1) the wrinkling, (2) hyperplasia of the epidermis, (3) fibrosis of the lower dermis, and (4) the increase of extracellular matrix components in the upper dermis. These findings indicate that kojic acid is a typical agent preventing wrinkling of the skin due to chronic photodamage.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11137872&dopt=Abstract skin, skin care, skin care medicine