Elimite
Pyrethroid effects on operant responding and feeding.

Bloom AS, Staatz CG, Dieringer T.

The effects of permethrin, its cis and trans isomers, and deltamethrin on operant behavior and food intake were examined. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to respond on a VI20 second schedule of food reinforcement. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with pyrethroids or their Emulphor vehicle 20 minutes prior to testing. Technical grade permethrin (15-60 mg/kg) produced a dose-related decrease in operant response rate. The 60 mg/kg dose decreased rates by 60%. Lower doses of cis-permethrin (30 mg/kg) and deltamethrin (2 mg/kg) also produced significant decreases in response rate. A 30 mg/kg dose of trans-permethrin was without effect. Food intake was also measured for 1.5 and 24 hour periods after tech-permethrin treatment. Food intake was decreased over both intervals by the 60 mg/kg dose. The results of these studies indicate that subconvulsive doses of pyrethroid insecticides can have significant effects on learned behavior and food intake.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6877472&dopt=Abstract permethrin Elimite



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Insecticidal properties of permethrin and permethrin-based agents.

Lyarskii PP, Dremova VP, Zubova GM, Baidarovtseva MA, Tsetlin VM.

A study of some insecticidal properties of a new pyrethroid, permethrin, showed that it was a highly effective insecticide at contact, superior in this respect to neopinamin for German cockroaches, houseflies and bedbugs and superior to sumithrin for German cockroaches. Combinations of permethrin with neopinamin displayed synergism. The most active combination contained permethrin and neopinamin in a ratio of 9:1. This combination surpassed in insecticidal activity the most effective combination of sumithrin with neopinamin.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6886414&dopt=Abstract permethrin Elimite



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Residual toxicity of deltamethrin and permethrin on various surfaces for mosquito species culex pipiens molestul Forskal.

Rettich F.

The culicine mosquito species Culex pipiens molestus Forskal were exposed by tarsal contact to various surfaces sprayed with the photostable synthetic pyrethroid preparations deltamethrin (NRDC 161) and permethrin (NRDC 143) used in the form of emulsifiable concentrates (EC) and wettable powders (WP) at doses 0.001, 0.005, 0.02, 0.1 and 0.5 g/m2. The time to appearance of the knock down effect and the residual toxicity were tested for each preparation and type of surface studied. The onset of deltamethrin and permethrin knock down effects was found to be very rapid at higher insecticide doses. The mean KT 100 value for permethrin EC at 0.5 g/m2 and for deltamethrin EC and WP at 0.1 g/m2 measured within the first month after insecticide application were almost invariably below 60 min on all the surfaces tested. Taking the 2-month interval as a sufficiently long period of operationally effective residual activity, the following insecticide doses can be recommended as optimal for the Culex mosquito control inside the dwelling space: deltamethrin EC and WP doses of 0.001 g/m2 for plywood, 0.005 g/m2 for whitewashed surface, 0.02 g/m2 for ceramics, and 0.02 (WP) and 0.1 (EC) g/m2 for limewashed surface; permethrin EC doses of 0.1 g/m2 for all types of surfaces and permethrin WP doses of 0.005 g/m2 for plywood and 0.02 g/m2 for the remaining types of surfaces.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6886417&dopt=Abstract permethrin Elimite



Elimite
The effect of soil temperature on the degradation of cis, trans - permethrin in soil.

Jordan EG, Kaufman DD, Kayser AJ.

The degradation of [carbonyl - 14C] - cis, trans-permethrin was studied in Dubbs fine sandy loam soil incubated at 10, 25, and 40 degrees C from 0 to 64 days. The most rapid degradation of permethrin to [carbonyl - 14C] - cis, trans -3- (2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (DCVA) and ultimately 14CO2 occurred at 25 degrees C. Rapid degradation to DCVA also occurred at 40 degrees C, however, further degradation of DCVA to 14CO2 was reduced. Permethrin degradation to 14CO2 was slowest at 10 degrees C. The degradation rate of trans-permethrin was greater than the cis-permethrin at all temperatures tested. The halflives of cis- and trans-permethrin were 55 and 14 days at 10 degrees C, 12 and 5 days at 25 degrees C, and 27 and 4 days at 40 degrees C, respectively. Compounds identified from treated soil were the original [carbonyl - 14C]-cis, trans-permethrin and the major degradation products cis-, and trans-DCVA.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7069133&dopt=Abstract permethrin Elimite



Elimite
Control of blueberry thrips, Frankliniella vaccinii Morgan, with permethrin and effect on yield and residue in fruit.

MacPhee A, Gaul S, Ragab MT.

Permethrin at 0.4 kg a.i./ha controlled blueberry thrips Frankliniella vaccinii Morgan. There was no plant damage and crop yield was notably increased. Permethrin was extracted from berries with acetone, partitioned in hexane, cleaned-up on Florisil column and analysed by the electron capture gas chromatography using a 3% OV-210 column. No permethrin residues were found in the berries. The relative retention times of cis-, and trans-permethrins to aldrin were 10.3 and 12.1, respectively. The absence of permethrin from berries was further confirmed by TLC.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7077055&dopt=Abstract permethrin Elimite