J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2004 Jun 15;805(2):267-74.
Reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection for the simultaneous determination of albendazole sulphoxide, albendazole sulphone and albendazole 2-aminosulphone in sheep plasma.

Batzias GC, Delis GA.

Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54 124, Greece. batziaet.auth.gr

A rapid and sensitive HPLC method for the simultaneous quantification of albendazole sulphoxide (ABZ-SO), albendazole sulphone (ABZ-SO2) and albendazole 2-aminosulphone (ABZ-SO2NH2) in sheep blood plasma has been developed. Plasma samples were extracted with ethyl acetate under alkaline conditions. Separation was achieved on a C18 reversed-phase analytical column, in the presence of positively- (tetra-n-butylammonium hydrogen sulphate) and negatively-charged (octanesulphonate sodium) pairing ions, while detection was performed fluorometrically. Excitation and emission wavelengths were 290 and 320 nm, respectively. Limits of quantification were defined at 39 ng/ml for ABZ-SO, 4.95 ng/ml for ABZ-SO2 and 4 ng/ml for ABZ-SO2NH2. Accuracy data, in terms of recovery efficiency showed overall values (+/- S.E.M.) of 85.6 +/- 1.0% for ABZ-SO, 100.0 +/- 1.0% for ABZ-SO2 and 89.1 +/- 0.6% for ABZ-SO2NH2. The method was successfully applied to quantitatively determine the three albendazole metabolites in plasma samples collected from sheep that had been orally administered albendazole.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15135100&dopt=Abstract albendazole Albenza [PubMed - in process]




Parasitol Res. 2004 Jul;93(4):311-7. Epub 2004 Jun 04.
The efficacy of therapy with albendazole in mice with parasitic meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis.

Lan KP, Wang CJ, Lai SC, Chen KM, Lee SS, Hsu JD, Lee HH.

Institute of Biochemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.

Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is involved in the pathogenesis of parasitic meningitis caused by the nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis. The present study evaluated the efficacy of albendazole therapy in BALB/c mice infected with the third stage larvae of this nematode. Albendazole showed a pronounced larvicidal activity. Eosinophil numbers significantly increased in infected mice but decreased upon administration of albendazole. Densitometric scanning indicated that albendazole reduced gelatinolytic activity detected by gelatin-substrate zymography. In the cerebrospinal fluid, albendazole reduced the lytic area intensity of the 94 kDa MMP-9 band by 46.5% within 7 days, and by 51.5% by day 14. Examination of brain tissue revealed a similar pattern of decrease (48.6% by day 7, and 53.9% by day 14). Albendazole may thus be an effective compound for the treatment of angiostrongyliasis through its larvicidal activity and facilitation of an improved inflammatory response via the reduction of MMP-9 activity. Copyright 2004 Springer-Verlag

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15179507&dopt=Abstract albendazole Albenza




J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2004 Jun 29;35(4):829-36.
Simultaneous determination of albendazole and its major active metabolite in human plasma using a sensitive and specific liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method.

Chen X, Zhao L, Xu H, Zhong D.

Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.

A method for the simultaneous determination of albendazole (ABZ) and its major active metabolite albendazole sulfoxide (ABZ-SO) was developed and validated. The analytes were extracted from plasma samples by liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with an electrospray ionization interface. Estazolam was used as the internal standard. The assay was linear in the concentration range 0.4-200 ng/ml for ABZ and 4.0-2000 ng/ml for ABZ-SO. The intra- and inter-run precision (R.S.D.), calculated from quality control (QC) samples was less than 7.1 and 9.4% for ABZ and ABZ-SO, respectively. The accuracy as determined from QC samples was within +/- 3% for the analytes. Recoveries of ABZ and ABZ-SO were greater than 77 and 53%, respectively, over the calibration curve range. The method developed was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of ABZ and ABZ-SO after an oral dose of 400 mg albendazole to healthy volunteers. Copyright 2004 Elsevier B.V.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15193727&dopt=Abstract albendazole Albenza [PubMed - in process]




Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2004 Jun;98(4):349-57.
Pharmacokinetic investigation of albendazole and praziquantel in Thai children infected with Giardia intestinalis.

Pengsaa K, Na-Bangchang K, Limkittikul K, Kabkaew K, Lapphra K, Sirivichayakul C, Wisetsing P, Pojjaroen-Anant C, Chanthavanich P, Subchareon A.

Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Road, Ratthewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. tmkpahidol.ac.th

The pharmacokinetics of albendazole/albendazole sulphoxide and praziquantel were investigated in Thai children with Giardia infection. Twenty school-age children were randomly allocated to receive either a single oral dose of albendazole (400 mg/child) or the same dose of albendazole given concurrently with a single oral dose of praziquantel (20 mg/kg). The concentrations of albendazole/albendazole sulphoxide and praziquantel in plasma samples, collected at intervals in the first 24 h post-treatment, were then quantified using HPLC with ultra-violet detection. No significant pharmacokinetic interaction between the albendazole and praziquantel was demonstrated. For albendazole sulphoxide, the active metabolite of albendazole, there was marked inter-individual variation in the maximum plasma concentration and the 'area under the curve'. The pharmacokinetics of albendazole sulphoxide were similar whether albendazole was given alone or in combination with praziquantel.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15228716&dopt=Abstract albendazole Albenza




Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2004 Jun;98(4):385-90.
The short-term impact of albendazole treatment on Oesophagostomum bifurcum and hookworm infections in northern Ghana.

Ziem JB, Kettenis IM, Bayita A, Brienen EA, Dittoh S, Horton J, Olsen A, Magnussen P, Polderman AM.

Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.

In November-December 2002, stool samples from a random sample of the human population (N = 190) in the Garu area of northern Ghana were checked for intestinal helminths, using a single Kato smear and duplicate coprocultures for each subject. All 190 subjects were subsequently treated with a single, 400-mg dose of albendazole and 146 of them were successfully re-examined 21-28 days post-treatment. Prior to treatment, 75.5% of the Kato smears were found to contain 'hookworm-like' eggs (with a geometric mean egg count among the positives of 578 eggs/g faeces), and the third-stage larvae of Oesophagostomum bifurcum and hookworm were found in the cultures of stools from 34.2% and 77.4% of the subjects, respectively. Among the subjects who had positive Kato smears before treatment, albendazole treatment led to a cure 'rate' of 79.0% and an egg-reduction 'rate' of 73.5%. The results from the coprocultures indicated cure 'rates' of 98.0% for O. bifurcum but only 51.3% for hookworm. Only one subject was still positive for O. bifurcum after treatment. Among those still positive for hookworm after treatment, the larva-reduction 'rate' was 79.8%. The egg-/larva-reduction 'rates' among those with heavy infections prior to treatment were >90%, whether the data analysed came from the Kato smears or the coprocultures. It may be concluded that a single dose of albendazole is very likely to cure an O. bifurcum infection and to reduce greatly the intensity (but not the prevalence) of any hookworm infections.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15228719&dopt=Abstract albendazole Albenza




Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2004 Mar;35(1):172-4.
Treatment of eosinophilic meningitis with a combination of albendazole and corticosteroid.

Chotmongkol V, Wongjitrat C, Sawadpanit K, Sawanyawisuth K.

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.

To study the efficacy of the combination of albendazole and prednisolone for the treatment of eosinophilic meningitis, we conducted a pilot study among Thai patients with eosinophilic meningitis. Patients were given a 2-week course of prednisolone, 60 mg/day and albendazole, 15 mg/kg/ day. The primary observation parameter was the number of patients who still had headache after the 2-week course of treatment. Twenty-six patients were enrolled in the study. There were 3 (11.5%) patients who still had headache after the 2-week course of treatment and the median length of time until complete disappearance of headache was 4 days. Serious side effects were not detected. Treatment for 2 weeks with the combination regimen of albendazole and prednisolone is safe and effective for the treatment of eosinophilic meningitis.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15272765&dopt=Abstract albendazole Albenza




Chirality. 2004 Oct;16(8):520-5.
Enantioselective renal excretion of albendazole metabolites in patients with neurocysticercosis.

Lanchote VL, Takayanagui OM, Mateus FH.

Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto, USP, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil. lanchotcfrp.usp.br

The present study investigates the urinary excretion of the enantiomers of (+)- and (-)-albendazole sulfoxide (ASOX) and albendazole sulfone (ASON) in 12 patients with neurocysticercosis treated with albendazole for 8 days (7.5 mg/kg/12 h). Serial blood samples (0-12 h) and urine (three periods of 8 h) were collected after administration of the last dose of albendazole. Plasma and urine (+)-ASOX, (-)-ASOX, and ASON metabolites were determined by HPLC using a chiral phase column (Chiralpak AD) with fluorescence detection. The pharmacokinetic parameters (P < 0.05) for (+)-ASOX, (-)-ASOX, and ASON metabolites are reported as means (95% CI); amount excreted (Ae) = 3.19 (1.53-4.85) vs. 0.72 (0.41-1.04) vs. 0.08 (0.03-0.13) mg; plasma concentration-time area under the curve, AUC(0-24) = 3.56 (0.93-6.18) vs. 0.60 (0.12-1.08) vs. 0.38 (0.20-0.55) microg x h/ml, and renal clearance Cl(R) = 1.20 (0.66-1.73) vs. 2.72 (0.39-5.05) vs. 0.25 (0.13-0.37) l/h. Sulfone formation capacity, expressed as the Ae ratio ASON/ASOX + ASON, was 2.21 (1.43-2.99). These data point to enantioselectivity in the renal excretion of ASOX as a complementary mechanism to the metabolism responsible for the plasma accumulation of (+)-ASOX. The results also suggest that the metabolite ASON is partially eliminated as a reaction product of the subsequent metabolism.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15290687&dopt=Abstract albendazole Albenza [PubMed - in process]