Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1988;34(3):315-7.
Increased systemic availability of albendazole when taken with a fatty meal.

Lange H, Eggers R, Bircher J.

Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Gottingen, Federal Republic of Germany.

We have studied the systemic availability of oral albendazole in 6 patients with echinococcosis either fasting or with breakfast. Albendazole sulphoxide, the pharmacologically active principle, was assayed by HPLC. Mean plasma concentrations and AUCs were 4.5 times higher when albendazole was given with breakfast than when administered in the fasting state. We conclude that therapy of echinococcosis with albendazole requires the drug to be taken with meals and that administration on an empty stomach might be more appropriate when intraluminal effects are desired, e.g. for intestinal parasites.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3396623&dopt=Abstract albendazole Albenza




Am J Vet Res. 1988 Jul;49(7):995-9.
Possible resistance of small strongyles from female ponies in The Netherlands against albendazole.

Eysker M, Boersema JH, Kooyman FN, Berghen P.

Institute for Veterinary Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, State University of Utrecht, The Netherlands.

To determine resistance of small strongyles to albendazole, 3 female ponies (group 1) were grazed on a pasture from May to November 1985 and were treated with 7.5 mg of albendazole/kg of body weight, PO, 2 days before turnout in May and again in June and in July. Three other female ponies (group 2) grazed on a similar pasture from May to July, were treated with 7.5 mg of albendazole/kg, and were removed to another pasture until November. In December, ponies from both groups were treated with 7.5 mg of albendazole/kg, and 8 days later, they were euthanatized and necropsied for a critical test. Worm egg counts in the ponies' feces revealed that the May treatment of group 1 and the July treatment of group 2 were more effective than were later treatments. Numbers of small strongyles were higher in group 1 than in group 2. Efficacy of treatment against all developmental stages of small strongyles was higher in group 2 than in group 1. Efficacy was low in both groups against parasitic 3rd- and 4th-stage larvae. Fifteen species of small strongyles were identified at necropsy. Efficacy was limited against adult Cyathostomum coronatum, Cya labratum, Cylicostephanus calicatus, and Cyl poculatus in both groups; Cylicocyclus nassatus, Cyl minutus, and Cyl longibursatus in group 1; and Cya labiatum in group 2. Efficacy was 100% against Cya catinatum, Cyl goldi, and 5 other species that were found in low numbers.

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Res Vet Sci. 1987 Nov;43(3):284-6.
Pharmacokinetics of albendazole administered by an intraruminal pulse release electronic device in cattle.

Delatour P, Gyurik RJ, Benoit E, Garnier F.

National School of Veterinary Medicine of Lyons, France.

Albendazole was administered to 12 young Charolais cattle, 300 kg bodyweight, using an intraruminal pulse release electronic device. The device released 2 g albendazole three times at 31 day intervals. The kinetic study of two main metabolites of albendazole in all animals at the time of each release showed that on 36 occasions the devices worked at the expected time; the mean kinetic profiles were nearly identical at first, second and third release. A good repeatability was generally also noticed for each animal individually; the bioavailability of the drug did not seem to be different from that obtained after administration of albendazole as an oral drench.

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Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1987 Dec;18(4):507-10.
Albendazole in the treatment of intestinal capillariasis.

Cross JH, Basaca-Sevilla V.

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.

Albendazole or Zentel a benzimidazole derivative, was used to treat intestinal capillariasis in hospitalized patients seen in Northern Luzon in the Philippines. In initial studies, four patients responded satisfactorily to the drug in dosages of 400 mg/day in divided doses for 20 days. This is the same dosage used for mebendazole, which has been the drug of choice in treating the parasitosis. In further studies, 16 patients with Capillaria philippinensis, were treated with 400 mg/day of the drug for 10 days, and 15 were completely cured. The one treatment failure was found to be passing eggs of the parasite three months later, and was retreated with the standard mebendazole regimen of 400 mg/day for 20 days. Side effects attributed to albendazole were not reported in any of the patients. Albendazole, 400 mg/day in two divided doses, is now the recommended drug of choice in Northern Luzon in the Philippines.

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Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1987;81(5):804-6.
A comparison of the effects of albendazole, its sulphone metabolite, and mebendazole on the viability of protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus in an in vitro culture system.

Morris DL, Chinnery JB, Ubhi C.

Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Nottingham, UK.

The effects of albendazole, its sulphone metabolite and mebendazole on the viability of Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces in vitro were investigated. Significant reductions in viability occurred in cultures treated with albendazole parent compound at 100 micrograms/litre, but lower concentrations were ineffective. The sulphone metabolite of albendazole had no significant effect at concentrations of 50 and 100 micrograms/litre over periods of up to 71 days. Mebendazole induced significant reductions in viability at 100 micrograms/litre.

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J Agric Food Chem. 2003 May 21;51(11):3254-9.
Determination of albendazole and its major metabolites in the muscle tissues of Atlantic salmon, tilapia, and rainbow trout by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection.

Shaikh B, Rummel N, Reimschuessel R.

FDA/CVM Office of Research, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, Maryland 20708, USA. bshaikvm.fda.gov

A liquid chromatographic procedure for the determination of albendazole ([5-(propylthio)-1H-benzimidazol-2yl]carbamic acid methyl ester) and its major metabolites, albendazole sulfoxide, albendazole sulfone, and albendazole-2- aminosulfone in rainbow trout, tilapia, and salmon muscle with adhering skin tissue is described. The muscle tissue samples are made alkaline with potassium carbonate and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracts are further subjected to cleanup by utilizing a number of liquid-liquid extraction steps. After solvent evaporation, the residue is reconstituted in mobile phase and chromatographed. The chromatography is carried out on a reversed phase Luna C(18) column, using acetonitrile/methanol/buffer as a mobile phase and a fluorescence detector. The average recoveries from the fortified muscle tissue of the three fish species for albendazole (25-100 ppb), albendazole sulfoxide (15.5-62 ppb), albendazole sulfone (1-10 ppb), and albendazole-2- aminosulfone (10-100 ppb) were 94, 77, 82, and 67%, respectively. The average CV for each compound was < or =10%. The procedure was validated and then applied to the determination of albendazole and its three major metabolites in the muscle tissue of the three fish species obtained after orally dosing with albendazole.

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Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg [A]. 1987 Mar;263(4):619-24.
Treatment of strongyloides stercoralis with albendazole. A cure rate of 86 per cent.

Mojon M, Nielsen PB.

A clinical trial concerning the efficacy of albendazole has been performed in an area outside the endemic zone. Sixty-eight patients were treated with albendazole in doses varying from 4-30 mg/kg/day for 3-6 days. A high cure rate of 86 per cent was obtained with albendazole 16 mg/kg/day for three days and repeated once after a fortnight. The albendazole was well tolerated and no side effects were imputed to the treatment. Successful treatment was confirmed by seven negative, consecutive coprocultures. The follow up period ranged from 35 to 615 days.

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