pain-relief-12.matches: pain relief
Comparison of bromfenac and naproxen sodium in the management of primary dysmenorrhea.

Mehlisch DR.

Scirex Corporation, Texas, Austin, USA

Objective: To compare a new analgesic with an established standard and placebo in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.Methods: Bromfenac (B) 25 or 50 mg prn, up to 4 doses daily, was compared with naproxen sodium (N) (550/275 mg) and placebo (P) in a double-blind crossover randomized trial where 54 women were treated over 4 menstrual periods. Each treatment lasted up to 3 days. The first-dose analysis was based on a 6-hour observation period. Total pain relief (TOPAR) and summed pain intensity difference (SPID) scores were calculated from hourly collected data as areas under the respective time curves.Results: All 3 active treatments were superior to placebo in all summary variables (SPID and TOPAR for 3 and 6 hours) and corresponding peak pain relief and peak PID, duration of pain half-gone, and global assessment. Both B doses were superior to P in providing significant pain relief between hours 1 and 6, whereas N was superior to P at hours 1, 3, and 4. Good to excellent global rating was achieved by 74% of patients on B 50 mg, 59% on B 25 mg, 57% on N and 33% on P (P <.001) after the first dose. Patients rated the trial medication superior to their usual treatment as follows: B 50 mg: 65%, B 25 mg: 55%, N: 51%, P: 29% (P <.001). Adverse events were infrequent and not significantly different among the 4 treatments.Conclusion: Both doses of bromfenac were significantly superior to placebo and at least as efficacious as naproxen sodium in management of primary dysmenorrhea.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10838369&dopt=Abstract pain, pain medicine, pain relief



pain-relief-32.matches: pain relief
[Trigeminal sensory evoked potential in retrogasserian glycerol injection for trigeminal neuralgia]

[Article in Japanese]

Igarashi S, Suzuki F, Koyama T.

Since Dr. Hakanson reported retrogasserian glycerol injection method for treatment of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia, its effectiveness for pain relief has been documented in a few reports. However, effects of glycerol in nervous tissue and mechanism of pain relief of the trigeminal neuralgia have not been elucidated yet. So we attempted to make clear what changes happen in trigeminal sensory evoked potential (TEP) of the patients with trigeminal neuralgia after retrogasserian glycerol injection. For this purpose we had to obtain normal TEP from 12 normal subjects in the beginning. The TEP by upper lip stimulation and recorded at contralateral C5 or C6 (TEP.V2) was consisted of 4 positive and 2 negative potentials in the analysis time of 40 msec which were named P3, N10, P14, P20, N30 and P40. The TEP.V3 that was obtained by lower lip stimulation was consisted of 3 positive and 3 negative potentials that were named N3, P10, N14, P20, N30 and P40. Most remarkable change of the TEP.V2 after glycerol injection in the pain relief group of patients with trigeminal neuralgia involving second division was amplitude attenuation of N10. There was no significant prolongation of peak latencies of P3, N10 and P20. It was remarkable that this amplitude decrease (about 38% of the pre-injection value) was recognized only in the pain relief group. On the contrary the mean amplitude of no relief group decreased only to 86% of the pre-injection value.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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pain-relief-32.matches: pain relief
Piroxicam, acetylsalicylic acid and placebo for postoperative pain.

Breivik H, Stenseth R, Apalseth K, Spilsberg AM.

A double-blind comparison of the pain-relieving effect of piroxicam 5 and 10 mg, acetylsalicylic acid 648 mg and placebo was performed in 120 patients with moderate to severe pain on the morning after orthopedic surgery. The changes in pain intensity and pain relief during the 8 h following medication were recorded by a trained nurse observer. 67% of the placebo-treated patients needed rescue drugs compared to 41% of the acetylsalicylic acid, 43% of the piroxicam 5 mg, and 45% of the piroxicam 10 mg treated patients. One to three hours after ingestion of the test drug, the piroxicam and the acetylsalicylic acid groups had significantly improved verbal rating pain intensity scores compared to placebo. In the overall assessment of pain relief at the end of the observation period, the patients' own assessment was significantly superior for acetylsalicylic acid and piroxicam 10 mg compared with placebo. In the observer's assessment of overall pain relief, placebo was significantly inferior to the three other groups. Thus piroxicam 5 mg and 10 mg give relief of pain after orthopedic surgery similar to that given by acetylsalicylic acid 648 mg. The pain-relieving effect of these drugs can be distinguished from placebo, but not from each other. They are not potent enough when pain is moderate to severe after orthopedic surgery.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6608855&dopt=Abstract pain, pain medicine, pain relief



pain-relief-32.matches: pain relief
Relief of cancer pain in man: alcohol-induced neuroadenolysis vs. electrical stimulation of the pituitary gland.

Yanagida H, Corssen G, Trouwborst A, Erdmann W.

To explore new methods for the control of intractable pain caused by advanced cancer, the analgesic effect of electrical stimulation of the pituitary gland was investigated in 25 patients. The results were compared with a control study and with the effects of alcohol-induced pituitary neuroadenolysis (NALP) in the same patients. The pain score (0: no pain at all, 4: extreme pain) in the control study was 3.88 +/- 0.33. After electrical stimulation of the pituitary gland it was 1.24 +/- 1.61; and after NALP it was 1.0 +/- 1.60. The pain scores after electrical stimulation and NALP were significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than those in the control study; but there was no significant difference when the two were compared with each other. The duration of pain relief following NALP (59.65 +/- 68.72 days) was significantly longer compared with that recorded following electrical stimulation (2.97 +/- 2.58 days). Autopsy examinations of 3 patients who expired from their malignancies revealed that the pain relief was unrelated to the degree of necrosis induced in the pituitary by alcohol. Naloxone administration did not inhibit the analgesic effect of either NALP or electrical stimulation. The advantages and disadvantages of electrical stimulation, the pain relief mechanism activated by this method, and potential clinical applications are also discussed.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6611531&dopt=Abstract pain, pain medicine, pain relief



pain-relief-32.matches: pain relief
Cryohypophysectomy for the relief of pain in malignant disease.

Gonski A, Sackelariou R.

Fifty consecutive patients with metastatic carcinoma who underwent cryohypophysectomy were studied. Of these, 26 had breast cancer, 19 had prostatic cancer, one had malignant melanoma, one had cancer of the kidney, and three had metastatic adenocarcinoma from an unknown primary tumour. After cryohypophysectomy, excellent pain relief was obtained in 48% of patients, good or acceptable pain relief was obtained in 40%, and poor or no relief in 12%. Two patients died: one of aspiration pneumonia and one of an unknown cerebral cause. Sixteen patients developed diabetes insipidus, of whom three required therapy with vasopressin; eight patients developed a cerebrospinal fluid leak, two of whom required surgical repair; and four patients developed meningitis, which resolved in three after antibiotic therapy. Results are compared with those from other published reports. Pain relief from cryohypophysectomy is surmised to be due to the production of endorphins, but no proof of this is available.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6694592&dopt=Abstract pain, pain medicine, pain relief



pain-relief-32.matches: pain relief
Epidural morphine analgesia after cesarean delivery.

Kotelko DM, Dailey PA, Shnider SM, Rosen MA, Hughes SC, Brizgys RV.

The effectiveness and safety of 5 mg of epidurally administered morphine for postoperative analgesia was determined in 276 healthy women undergoing cesarean delivery. Overall pain relief, time to administration of additional analgesic medications, and adverse side effects were evaluated. Epidural injection of 5 mg of morphine provided good to excellent pain relief lasting 24 to 36 hours for 83% of patients. Also, review of hospital records for a subset of 34 patients revealed that requirements for additional systemic analgesics were markedly less when postoperative pain relief was provided by epidural administration of morphine than by conventional analgesia therapy. Pruritus, nausea, and vomiting occurred frequently, but were easily treated. Although late respiratory depression did not occur in this group, the authors continue to observe patients closely and monitor respiratory rates for 24 hours.

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pain-relief-32.matches: pain relief
Course and outcome of chronic pancreatitis. Longitudinal study of a mixed medical-surgical series of 245 patients.

Ammann RW, Akovbiantz A, Largiader F, Schueler G.

Over the last 20 yr, 245 patients with chronic pancreatitis (163 with alcoholic relapsing pancreatitis; 145 of them with calcific pancreatitis) were prospectively studied at regular intervals with particular regard to pain, pancreatic functions, calcifications, pancreatic surgery, and survival. The median period of observation in the group with alcoholic relapsing calcific pancreatitis was 10.4 yr. In this group of 145 patients, 85% experienced lasting pain relief within a median time of 4.5 yr from onset. A gradual increase of pancreatic calcifications and pancreatic dysfunction was observed with increasing duration of the disease. Pain relief was accompanied by a marked increase in pancreatic dysfunction and calcification. Of 163 patients with alcoholic relapsing pancreatitis, 87 (53%) needed no pancreatic surgery. Seventy-six patients (47%) with recurrent or persistent severe pain, mainly due to pseudocysts (n = 56), underwent either a cyst drainage procedure (n = 22), papillotomy (n = 4), distal pancreatectomy (40%-60%, n = 24), or Wirsungo-jejunostomy (n = 26). The proportion of patients experiencing lasting pain relief was similar in the operated and nonoperated group of patients. In both groups lasting relief from pain was correlated with the duration of the disease and was associated with marked pancreatic dysfunction. The 50% survival time in alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (with or without pancreatic surgery) was 20-24 yr (after onset), thus markedly shorter than in nonalcoholic pancreatitis. Of the 245 patients, 86 died. About 20% of deaths were related to pancreatitis and its complications. Most extrapancreatic causes of death were malignancies, cardiovascular diseases, severe infections, and nonpancreatic surgery.

Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6706066&dopt=Abstract pain, pain medicine, pain relief